Hydraulic principles behind the rating curve

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Table of contents

1 Introduction 
1.1 Context and challenges related to discharge quantication
1.1.1 Monitoring streamow: the rating curve
1.1.2 Hydraulic principles behind the rating curve
1.1.3 Rating curve uncertainty
1.1.4 Rating changes
1.1.5 Managing rating changes in real time
1.2 State-of-the art for the detection and estimation of rating changes
1.2.1 Dynamic modelling of transient changes
1.2.2 Detecting and estimating sudden changes
1.2.3 Real-time challenges
1.3 Objectives and outline of the manuscript
2 Segmentation of gaugings 
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Rating curves
2.1.2 Detecting and modelling transient changes
2.1.3 Detecting sudden changes
2.1.4 Change point detection methods
2.1.5 Objectives of the paper
2.2 The proposed method for rating shift detection
2.2.1 Overview
2.2.2 Estimation of the baseline rating curve
2.2.3 Computation of residuals and their uncertainty
2.2.4 Segmentation model and Bayesian inference
2.2.5 Choice of the optimal number of segments
2.2.6 Adjustment of shift times
2.2.7 Recursive segmentation
2.3 Application to a real case study: the Ardèche River at Meyras, France
2.3.1 Presentation of the station
2.3.2 Segmentation strategies
2.3.3 Results with Strategy D
2.3.4 Comparison of Strategies A-D
2.4 Performance evaluation from simulated rating shifts
2.4.1 Generation of synthetic data
2.4.2 Design of experiments
2.4.3 Metrics for performance evaluation
2.4.4 Results of the experiments
2.5 Discussion
2.5.1 Contributions to the operational practice and the scientic literature
2.5.2 Current limitations
2.5.3 Avenues for future work
2.6 Conclusion
Matteo Darienzo
3 Stage-recession analysis 
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Stage-discharge rating shifts at hydrometric stations
3.1.2 Methods for estimating river bed evolution
3.1.3 Recession analysis
3.1.4 Objectives and structure of the paper
3.2 The proposed method for river bed estimation using stage recessions
3.2.1 Step 1: Extraction of the stage-recessions
3.2.2 Step 2: Bayesian estimation of the stage-recessions
3.2.3 Third step: recessions segmentation
3.3 Application: Ardèche River at Meyras, France
3.3.1 Description of the station site
3.3.2 Step 1: Recessions extraction
3.3.3 Step 2: Recessions estimation
3.3.4 Step 3: Recessions segmentation
3.3.5 Sensitivity to the selected recession model
3.4 Discussion
3.4.1 Limitations
3.4.2 Perspective: real-time stage-recession analysis
3.5 Conclusion
4 Fast detection of potential rating shifts based on the stage record and bedload assessment 
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 General principle
4.1.2 Sediment transport modelling
4.1.3 Sediment transport models as proxys for potential changes
4.1.4 Objectives and structure of the chapter
4.2 The proposed sediment transport proxy analysis
4.2.1 Overview
4.2.2 Information available from the station history
4.2.3 Estimation of the triggering stage and detection of all potential morphogenic events
4.2.4 Computation of the sediment transport
4.2.5 Estimation of the uncertainty on the potential shifts
4.3 Application to the Ardèche River at Meyras, France
4.3.1 Information from the station history
4.3.2 Estimation of the triggering stage and detection of all potential shift times
4.3.3 Relation between shift b and sediments volume V
4.4 Discussion
4.4.1 Main limitations
4.4.2 Use of the method for retrospective purposes
4.4.3 Other perspectives
4.5 Conclusion
5 The real-time application 
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Retrospective vs Real-time analysis
5.1.2 Solutions proposed in the literature and main diculties
5.1.3 Outline of a real-time procedure
5.1.4 Objectives and structure of the chapter
5.2 The proposed real-time application
5.2.1 Initialisation: hydraulic analysis
5.2.2 Retrospective analysis
5.2.3 Incoming stage data
5.2.4 Shift detection
5.2.5 Shift estimation
5.2.6 Update of RC priors and RC estimation
5.2.7 Discharge computation
5.2.8 Start of a new stable period
5.3 Application to the Ardèche River at Meyras: a demo
5.3.1 Overview of the application
5.3.2 The retrospective analysis
5.3.3 Iteration 15: recession analysis but no shift
5.3.4 Iteration 16: recession analysis and new gauging but no shift
5.3.5 Iteration 82: exceedance of the triggering stage and detection of a potential shift
5.3.6 Iteration 191: ood peak
5.3.7 Iteration 287: application of the stage-recession analysis after the ood
5.3.8 Iteration 311: new gauging and rating shift conrmation
5.3.9 Summary of the application
5.4 Discussion
5.4.1 Main limitations
5.4.2 Stage pre-treatment
5.4.3 Future perspectives
5.5 Conclusion
6 Conclusions and perspectives 
6.1 Summary
6.2 Perspectives
6.2.1 Improvement of the proposed tools for rating shift detection
6.2.2 Performance evaluation using a wide range of hydrometric stations
6.2.3 Development of other tools for potential rating shift detection
6.2.4 Choice of the tools for shift detection/estimation
6.3 Implementation into operational applications