Impaired insulin action and insulin resistance

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Table of contents

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
1.1 Aquaculture development: current status, trends and future prospects
􀍳.􀍳.􀍳 Aquaculture􀇯s role in the global good system, trends and prospects
1.1.2 Towards sustainable aquaculture
1.1.3 The importance of protein/amino acids research for aquaculture
1.2 Cellular signaling
1.2.1 Insulin signaling in mammals
1.2.1.1 Overview of insulin signaling pathway and some critical nodes
1.2.1.2 Insulin regulates glucose metabolism
1.2.1.3 Insulin stimulates lipid synthesis but inhibits lipid degradation
1.2.1.4 Insulin signaling regulates mitochondrial metabolism
1.2.1.5 Impaired insulin action and insulin resistance
1.2.2 AA signaling pathways: mTOR & AAR pathway in mammals
1.2.2.1 Overview of mTOR signaling pathway in mammals
1.2.2.2 mTORC1 signaling pathway in mammals
1.2.2.3 mTORC2 signaling pathway in mammals
1.2.2.4 AAR pathway in mammals
1.2.3 AAs & insulin secretion, insulin action and insulin resistance in mammals
1.2.4 AAs and insulin/mTOR signaling pathways in fish
1.3 The regulation of hepatic intermediary metabolism in mammals and fish
1.3.1 The regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism
1.3.1.1 Hepatocyte glucose uptake and phosphorylation
1.3.1.2 Glycolysis and glycogen synthesis
1.3.1.3 Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
1.3.2 The regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism in mammals and fish
1.3.2.1 Hepatic lipogenesis
1.3.2.2 FA catabolism/β-Oxidation
1.3.3 The regulation of hepatic amino acid catabolism in mammals and fish
1.4 Rainbow trout as a model for nutrition and nutrient metabolism studies
1.5 Hypothesis and objectives of the thesis
Chapter 2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
2.1 Experimental trials
2.1.1 Ethics statement
2.1.2 In vivo experimental trial
2.1.2.1 Experimental and sampling procedures
2.1.2.2 Sampling procedure
2.1.3 In vitro experiments
2.1.3.1 Animals
2.1.3.2 Primary cell culture of rainbow trout hepatocytes
2.1.3.3 Stimulations and cell recovery
2.2 Analytical methods
2.2.1 Plasma metabolites analysis
2.2.2 Western blot analysis
2.2.3 Gene expression analysis: real time RT-PCR
2.2.4 Enzyme activity analysis
2.2.5 Statistical analysis
Chapter 3 RESULTS
Chapter 4 GENERAL DISCUSSION
4.1 mTOR activation, overactivation and inhibition
4.2 mTORC1 activation regulates hepatic intermediary metabolism
4.3 Nutritional regulation of hepatic fatty acid biosynthesis in rainbow trout
4.4 The regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis
4.5 The regulation of AA catabolism
Chapter 5 CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES
BIBLIOGRAPHY