The MENA Enterprise Survey

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Table of contents

Introduction in French 
I.1 Préface
I.2 Environnement collatéral et système bancaire dans les pays du MENA
I.3 Qualité des législations de résolution des garanties et des faillites dans les pays du MENA
I.4 La répartition de la création des emplois au cours du cycle de vie et des entreprises et son rôle sur la création d’emplois
I.5 La répartition de l’emploi entre les secteurs et son rôle sur le niveau d’emploi
Introduction in English 
II.1 Collateral environment and banking system in MENA countries
II.2 Quality of collateral and bankruptcy law in MENA countries
II.3 Distribution of job creation over firms’ life cycles and why it matters
II.4 Distribution of employment across sectors and why it matters
Collateral Regimes and Discouragement 
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Job Creation , Entrepreneurship and Discouragement
1.3 Firms in MENA Economies: Stylized Facts
1.3.1 The Model
1.3.2 Financial Contract
1.3.3 Bank’s supply for external finance
1.3.4 Firms’ demand for external finance
1.3.5 The Risk Return Structure of firms
1.3.6 The allocational effect of collateral
1.3.7 Implication of the model
1.4 Data
1.4.1 The MENA Enterprise Survey
1.4.2 Firm’s Performances and Characteristics
1.4.3 Access to Finance
1.5 Identification strategy: Non experimental treatment design
1.6 Results
1.6.1 Firms’ Performances and Local collateral Policy
1.6.2 Main Findings
1.6.3 Robustness Check: Alternative indexes for age and collateral Environment
1.6.4 Analysis of Subsamples
1.7 Conclusion
Collateral Regimes and Disconnection 
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Data
2.2.1 The MENA Enterprise Survey
2.2.2 Access to Finance
2.2.3 Employment growth and control variables
2.3 Measuring credit constraints
2.4 Empirical strategy
2.5 Results
2.5.1 Estimating banks’ collateral policies
2.5.2 Local collateral practice and employment growth
2.5.3 Financial channels
2.5.4 Robustness checks
2.6 Concluding Remarks
Structural Change and the China Syndrome 
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Exposure to Imports from China and Structural Change in OECD Countries: Stylized Facts
3.3 A Simple Model
3.3.1 The production side
3.4 The changing nature of Chinese trade and technological change
3.4.1 Technological change and depreciation of capital
3.5 Data and Empirical Strategy
3.5.1 Data
3.5.2 Index of Exposure to Chinese Imports
3.5.3 Identification
3.6 Results
3.7 Concluding Remarks
Bibliography