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Table of contents
Chapter 1. Zinc tin nitride: a new material with large applications for photovoltaics
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 Context, Positioning and Objectives of the Work: The Need of New Material Developments
1.1.2 The Question of Realization Complexity and Indium Supply Shortage vs. Industrial Needs
1.1.3 Photovoltaics concerns
1.1.4 PV technologies
1.2 Potentialities of New ZnSnN2 Material Physical Properties
1.2.1 ZnSnN2 historical aspects: an overview
1.2.2 Focus on the issue of the crystal structure.
1.2.3 The issue of the electronic structure, defects and band gap
1.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Synthesis of zinc tin nitride thin films and characterization methods
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Zinc tin nitride thin film growth
2.3 Structure zone diagram (SZD)
2.4 Elaboration setup
2.5 X-ray diffraction (XRD)
2.6 X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
2.7 Conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy
2.8 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
2.9 Four points probe method
2.10 Hall effect measurements
2.11 UV-visible spectroscopy
2.12 Ellipsometry
2.13 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
2.14 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3. ZnSnN2 Thin Films: Synthesis and characterization
3.1 First attempt to grow zinc tin nitride thin films by PVD
3.1.1 Growth of ZnSnN2 by controlling the discharge current
3.1.2 Growth of ZnSnN2 by fixing the discharge voltage
3.1.3 Growth of ZnSnN2 by controlling the discharge voltage in a pure nitrogen plasma.
3.1.4 Effect of the substrate nature
3.2 Crystalline ZnSnN2 thin films structure, microstructure, physical and chemical properties
3.2.1 Introduction
3.2.2 Chemical composition
3.2.3 Structure of ZnSnN2 films
3.2.4 Microstructure and morphology of ZnSnN2 thin films
3.2.5 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of ZnSnN2 thin films
3.2.6 Mossbauer spectrometry of ZnSnN2 thin films
3.2.7 Electrical and optical properties of ZnSnN2
3.3 Effect of base pressure before the film growth
3.4 Conclusion
Reference
Chapter 4 Microstructure and tuning the structure of ZnSnN2 thin films
4.1 Focus on the structure of ZnSnN2
4.1.1 Orthorhombic, monoclinic or hexagonal structures
4.1.2 Monoclinic vs orthorhombic
4.1.3 Monoclinic versus hexagonal phases
4.2 Tuning the structure of ZnSnN2
4.2.1 Tuning the structure with the stoichiometry
4.2.2 Tuning the structure by changing the pressure
4.2.2.1 Tuning the structure with the working pressure
4.2.2.2 Tuning the structure by changing the pressure by controlling the stoichiometry
4.3 Conclusion
References
