Mechanisms of chemotherapeutics-driven immunogenic cell death

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Table of contents

INTRODUCTION
1. Cancer
1.1. Overview
1.2. Mechanisms of oncogenesis
2. Role of the immune system in antitumor therapy
2.1. From the discovery of tumor antigens to the development of immunotherapies
2.2. Mechanisms of antitumor immunity
2.3. Immunoediting accompanies cancer progression
2.4. Adjuvanticity through immunogenic cell death
2.4.1. Mechanisms of chemotherapeutics-driven immunogenic cell death
2.4.1.1. eIF2 phosphorylation-dependent calreticulin exposure
2.4.1.2. Autophagy-mediated ATP secretion
2.4.1.3. HMGB1 release and TLR4 mimicry
2.4.1.4. Autocrine signaling of type I interferon
2.4.1.5. The ANXA1 FPR1 axis
2.4.2. Methods to assess immunogenic cell death
2.4.1. Immunogenic cell death inducers
3. The anticancer agents dactinomycin inhibits transcription
3.1. Transcription and translation in eukaryotic cells
3.1.1. Mechanisms of transcription
3.1.2. Mechanisms of translation
3.1.2.1. From mRNA to protein
3.1.2.2. ER stress inhibits cap-dependent translation
3.1.3. The inhibition of transcription and translation to prevent neoplastic cells proliferation
3.2. Dactinomycin intercalates into the DNA and inhibits transcription
3.3. Other anticancer mechanisms of dactinomycin
3.3.1. Dactinomycin is a topoisomerase inhibitor
3.3.2. Dactinomycin inhibits protein synthesis
3.3.3. Dactinomycin induces apoptosis
3.3.4. Dactinomycin induces photosensitization
3.3.5. Dactinomycin inhibits respiration and glycolysis
3.3.6. The effect of dactinomycin on the immune system
3.4. Pharmacokinetics of dactinomycin
3.5. Dactinomycin in the clinic
3.5.1. Cancers treated with dactinomycin-based chemotherapy
3.5.2. Clinical trials involving dactinomycin