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Table of contents
1 The Mantle Circulation Forward Problem
1.1 Fluid Mechanics for Mantle Convection
1.2 Conservation Equations
1.3 Initial and Boundary Conditions
1.4 Rheology and Self-Consistent Plate Generation
1.5 Numerical Approximation
2 Data and the Mantle Circulation Inverse Problem
2.1 A Data Assimilation Framework for Mantle Circulation Problems
2.1.1 The Unknown: the Evolution of the True State of the Mantle
2.1.2 Observed Data on Mantle Circulation
2.1.3 The Dynamical Model
2.1.4 The Background State of the Mantle
2.2 Data on Mantle Circulation
2.2.1 Mantle Temperature Field at Present
2.2.2 Surface Kinematics History of the Mantle
2.3 Dynamical Mantle Circulation Reconstructions
2.3.1 Direct Methods
2.3.2 Data Assimilation Methods
3 A sequential data assimilation approach for the joint reconstruction of mantle convection and surface tectonics
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Extended Kalman Filter
3.2.1 Initialization
3.2.2 Analysis and forecast sequence
3.3 Convection model, Mantle State Vector and Tectonic Data
3.3.1 Convection Model with Plate-Like Behaviour
3.3.2 The State of the mantle
3.3.3 The Data: Surface Heat Flux and Surface velocities
3.3.4 The Observation Operator and the Augmented State
3.4 Sequential Data Assimilation Algorithm for Mantle Convection
3.4.1 Initialization
3.4.2 Analysis
3.4.3 Forecast
3.5 Synthetic Experiments
3.5.1 Setup of the Experiments
3.5.2 Quality of the data assimilation estimate
3.6 Discussion
3.7 Conclusion
4 Ensemble Data Assimilation For Mantle Circulation
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Presentation of the Problem
4.2.1 Mantle Convection Model
4.2.2 Observations of Mantle Circulation
4.2.3 Ensemble Kalman Filtering Framework: Notations
4.3 Ensemble Kalman Filter with Localization and Inflation
4.3.1 Initialization: First Analysis and Generation of the starting ensemble
4.3.2 Forecast
4.3.3 Analysis
4.3.4 Implementation of the Ensemble Kalman Filter
4.4 A posteriori Evaluation of the Ensemble Kalman Filter Method
4.4.1 Twin Experiment Setup
4.4.2 Robustness of the Assimilation Algorithm
4.4.3 Effect of the data assimilation parameters on the quality of the estimation .
4.4.4 Accuracy of the Reconstruction of Geodynamic Structures
4.5 Discussion
4.6 Conclusion
5 Discussion and Conclusion
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