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Table of contents
1 General Introduction
1.1 Global Climate change and Biogeochemistry
1.2 Spatial and temporal scales in the Ocean
1.3 Mesoscale physical processes influence marine ecosystems
1.4 The Eastern Boundary Upwelling systems
1.5 Thesis objectives and plan
1.6 Résumé Introduction (français)
2 Materials and Methods: a set of complementary tools to study the influence of physical processes on ecosystem dynamics at mesoscale
2.1 In-situ data from oceanographic surveys
2.1.1 Data from CTD sensors
2.1.2 Data from water sample measurements and zooplankton net
2.1.3 Other data in marine sciences
2.2 Satellite data
2.2.1 Ocean Color
2.2.2 Ocean altimetry
a – Generalities and basic principles
b – Sea Surface Height, Quikscat wind stress and derived geostrophic currents
2.3 The Finite-Size Lyapunov Exponents: a lagrangian powerful tool
2.3.1 Eulerian / Lagrangian description
2.3.2 Dynamical systems and manifolds
2.3.3 The non asymptotic Finite-Size Lyapunov Exponents
2.3.4 Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCS) as ridges in the FSLE field
2.4 Academic and realistic numerical modelling
2.4.1 Interests and principles
2.4.2 Hydrodynamical and biological models
3 A mesoscale survey of the northern and central Iberian Peninsula Upwelling System: spatial variability and bio-physical interactions
3.1 Article 1: A mesoscale survey of the northern and central Iberian
Peninsula Upwelling System: spatial variability and bio-physical interactions, Rossi et al., Progr. Oceanogr
3.2 Résumé de l’article 1 (français)
3.3 Perspectives and other study derived from the survey
3.3.1 Distribution of Volatile Halogenated Organic Compounds in the Iberian Peninsula Upwelling System
3.3.2 Zooplankton communities and size spectra in the Iberian Peninsula Upwelling System
4 Punctual small scale physical processes observed during MOUTON 2007 and their academic studies
4.1 Article 2: Effect of the wind on the shelf dynamics: formation of a secondary upwelling along the continental margin, Rossi et al., Ocean Modelling
4.2 Résumé de l’article 2 (français)
4.3 Article 3: Influence of a bottom topography on an upwelling current: generation of long trapped filaments, Meunier, Rossi et al., in revision, Ocean Modelling
4.4 Résumé de l’article 3 (français)
5 Biological activity and mesoscale horizontal stirring in the surface ocean of the 4 Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems: a comparative study
5.1 Article 4: Comparative study of mixing and biological activity of the Benguela and Canary upwelling systems, Rossi et al., 2008 Geophysical Research Letters
5.2 Résumé de l’article 4 (français)
5.3 Article 5: Horizontal stirring and biological activity in the surface ocean of the four Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems, Rossi et al., 2009 Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics
5.4 Résumé de l’article 5 (français)
6 Conclusions and perspectives
6.1 Conclusions
6.2 Perspectives
6.2.1 Mesoscale variability of the Iberian Peninsula Upwelling System
6.2.2 Inhibiting effect of mesoscale turbulence from FSLE on the surface chlorophyll in the EBUS: toward an identification of effective processes
a – An academic modelling of the Benguela Upwelling System
b – Toward a 3D realistic coupled modelling of the IPUS using HYCOM
c – Extension of the Finite Size Lyapunov exponents theory
6.2.3 General perspectives
6.3 Conclusions et perspectives (français)
6.3.1 Conclusions (français)
6.3.2 Perspectives (français)
References
