Electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs)

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Table of contents

General Introduction
Chapter I: State of the art
I. Energy storage: Supercapacitors
1. History: discovery and evolution of supercapacitors
2. Supercapacitor fundamentals
2.1. Electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs)
2.2. Pseudocapacitors
2.3. Hybrid supercapacitors
2.4. Capacitance, energy density and power density
3. Applications and challenges of Supercapacitor
3.1. Applications of supercapacitors
3.2. Challenges of supercapacitors
4. Electrode materials
4.1. Carbon materials
4.2. Conducting polymer
4.3. Transition metal oxides (TMOs)
4.4. Composite Materials
5. Conclusions
II. Energy conversion: Fuel cell
1. History and generality
1.1. History
2. Types of fuel cells.
3. Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs)
3.1. DMFC components.
3.2. Electrochemical reactions in DMFC
3.3. Advantages and disadvantages of DMFC
4. Anode catalyst
4.1. Pt based catalyst
4.2. Non-Pt based catalyst
4.3. Catalyst support materials
5. Challenges and Applications of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
5.1. Applications of DMFCs
5.2. Challenges of DMFCs
6. Conclusions
III. Objectves of Ph.D. thesis.
Chapter II. Description of classical and advanced methods
I. Structural and morphological characterization techniques
1. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
2. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
3. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)
4. X-ray diffraction (XRD)
5. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
6. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
7. Raman spectroscopy
II. Electrochemical and electrogravimetric techniques
1. Cyclic voltammetry (CV)
2. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
3. Chronoamperometry.
4. Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD)
5. Electrochemical quartz microbalance (EQCM)
6. Ac-electrogravimetry
Chapter III. Correlation between the interfacial ion dynamics and charge storage properties of poly(ortho-phenylenediamine) electrodes exhibiting high cycling stability
I. Introduction and objectives
II. Experimental
1. Electrode Preparation.
2. Electrode Characterization.
III. Results and discussion
1. Electrochemical synthesis and morphological characterization of the PoPD.
2. Electrogravimetric characterization of charge storage behavior.
2.1. Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM).
2.2. Electrogravimetric Impedance Study (Ac-electrogravimetry).
3. Pseudo-capacitive charge storage performances.
3.1. Thin film PoPD electrodes-half cell performance (3-electrode configuration).
3.2. Thicker film PoPD electrodes-full cell performance (2-electrode configuration).
IV. Conclusions
Chapter IV. Electrogravimetric study of capacitive charge storage behavior of carbone nanotubes/poly(ortho-phenylenediamine) nanocomposite: application in supercapacitors
I. Introduction and objectives
II. Experimental
1. Electrode Preparation
2. Morphological Characterization
3. Electrochemical measurements.
III. Results and discussion
1. Synthesis and characterization of SWCNT/PoPD nanocomposite
2. Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM)
3. Electrogravimetric Impedance Spectroscopy (Ac-electrogravimetry)
3.1. Identification of the involved species in the charge storage mechanism of SWCNT/PoPD
3.2. Transfer dynamics of different species involved in the charge storage mechanism of SWCNT/PoPD film
3.3. Correlation between ac-electrogravimetric and EQCM results for SWCNT/PoPD film
4. Supercapacitive charge storage performances
4.1. Electrochemical characterization in 3-electrode configuration
4.2. Investigation of the charge storage behaviour of the optimized SWCNT/PoPD nanocomposites in a two-electrode configuration.
IV. Conclusions.
Chapter V. Synthesis of carbon nanofibers / poly(para-phenylenediamine) / nickel particles nanocomposite for enhanced methanol electrooxidation
I. Introduction and objectives
II. Experimental
1. Electrode Preparation.
2. Morphological and structural characterization
3. Electrochemical techniques
III. Results and discussion
1. Preparation of CPE/CNF/PpPD/NiPs
2. Morphological and structural characterization
2.1. SEM and EDX analysis
2.2. XRD analysis
2.3. FTIR analysis of CPE/CNF/PpPD/NiPs.
2.4. Raman analysis.
3. Electrochemical characterization
4. Methanol electrooxidation on the catalysts
4.1. Effect of the PpPD thickness
4.2. Effect of NiPs content
4.3. Effect of methanol concentration
4.4. Chronoamperometric measurements
IV. Conclusion
Chapter VI. CNF/PpPD/Cu ternary composite for methanol electrooxidation
I. Introduction and objectives
II. Experimental
1. Electrode preparation
2. Morphological and structural characterization
3. Electrochemical measurements
III. Results and discussion
1. Preparation of CNF/PpPD/Cu on CPE substrate
2. Morphological and structural characterizations
2.1. FEG-SEM, TEM and EDX analysis
2.2. XRD and XPS analysis
2.3. EIS measurements
3. Catalytic performances of the prepared electrodes
3.1. Electrooxidation of methanol
3.2. Effect of Cu content and methanol concentration.
3.3. Chronoamperometric measurements
IV. Conclusions
General conclusions and perspectives
Résumé de la thèse en français