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Table of contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Appendix
Part I Introduction to Electronics with Organics and Flexible Materials
1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Outline
2 Problem Denition and Motivation
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Technology Process
2.2 State of the Art of Compact Models for Circuit Design with Spice Simulators
2.3 State of the Art of Organic Thin Film Transistors
2.4 State of the Art of Circuits
2.4.1 Ampliers on Flexible Foils
2.4.2 Comparators
2.4.3 Analog to Digital Converters
2.4.4 CAD Tools for Emerging Technologies
2.5 State of the Art of Applications
2.5.1 Signal Treatment Systems
2.5.2 Pressure Sensors
2.5.3 Flexible Displays
2.5.4 RFID Tags
2.5.5 Energy management for exible devices
2.5.6 Smart Textiles
2.5.7 e-Health applications with exible and biocompatible materials
2.6 Major Contributions
2.6.1 Technology Process
2.6.2 Circuit Design
2.6.3 Layout Design Automation Tools
2.7 Conclusion
Part II Technology Process
3 CONFIDENTIAL: Systematic Parameter Characterization & Mismatch Model for Analog Design
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Mismatch Model Development
3.3 Manufacturing Technology Process
3.3.1 Engineering the Polymeric Gate Dielectric
3.3.2 Engineering the Semiconductor Pentacene Layer
3.3.3 Source and Drain Metal Deposition and Contact Resistance Calculation
3.4 Electrical & Mismatch Characterization
3.4.1 Characteristics I-V Curves, Mobility and Ageing Eects
3.4.2 Modeling and Mismatch of Extracted Parameters in OTFTs
3.5 Conclusion
4 CONFIDENTIAL: Low Power OTFT by Photolithography and Self-Alignment Process
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Frequency Behavior of Transistors
4.2 Manufacturing Technology Process
4.2.1 Photolithography and Self Alignment Process Technology
4.2.2 Issues and Diculties of Manufacturing Structures by Photolithography .
4.2.3 Engineering the Polymeric Gate Dielectric
4.2.4 Engineering the Semiconductor Pentacene Layer
4.3 Electrical Characterization
4.3.1 Gate Leakage Current Voltage Curves
4.3.2 Engineering the Source and Drain Contact Resistance
4.3.3 Extraction of Parameters and Modeling of OTFTs
4.4 Conclusion
Part III Circuit Design
5 CONFIDENTIAL: Design of Functional Analog Circuits with Few Organic Transistors
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Gain Equations of a Diode Load Amplier
5.2.1 Sizing OTFTs
5.3 6 OTFT Fully Dierential Voltage Amplier
5.3.1 Simulation Results for the Orgatech Technology
5.3.2 Simulation Results for the Joanneum Research Technology
5.3.3 Comparison of Performances of Both Technologies
5.4 9 OTFT Source Coupled Latch Comparator
5.4.1 Simulation Results for the Orgatech Technology
5.4.2 Simulation Results for the Joanneum Research Technology
5.4.3 Comparison of Performances of Both Technologies
5.5 25 OTFT, 1-Bit 1st Order Sigma Delta Modulator
5.5.1 System Level Modeling
5.5.2 Transistor Level Simulation Results for the Orgatech Technology
5.5.3 Transistor Level Simulation Results for the Joanneum Research Technology
5.5.4 Comparison of Performances of Both Technologies
5.6 A Discussion on Yield with Monte Carlo Simulations
5.6.1 Monte Carlo Simulations for the Dierential Amplier
5.7 Conclusion
6 CONFIDENTIAL: Implementation of Analog & Digital Circuits on Plastic
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Testing Plastic Circuits
6.3 Characterization of Moderate Gain-Fast Inverters and Logic Gates
6.4 Characterization of Analog Circuits
6.4.1 Moderate Gain-Fast Dierential Voltage Amplier
6.4.2 Fast Source Coupled Latch Comparator
6.5 Discussion of the Results
6.6 Conclusion
7 Open Source CAD Layout Tools for Thin Film Emerging Technologies
7.1 Introduction to Alliance CAD Tools
7.2 Alliance Concept for Emerging Printed and Flexible Technologies
7.3 Proof of Concept for a Layout of Integrated Circuits with Organic TFTs
7.3.1 Graal environment for symbolic layout design
7.3.2 Design Rules for Organic Thin Film Transistor Technology
7.3.3 Dierential Amplier Layout
7.3.4 Comparator Layout
7.3.5 Sigma Delta Modulator Layout
7.4 Conclusion
Part IV Conclusions
8 Conclusion and FutureWork
8.1 Research Overview.
8.1.1 Design Kit with Organic Transistors
8.1.2 Circuit Design of Functional Analog and Digital Circuits on Plastic Foils
8.1.3 Customization of the Alliance CAD Systems for Emerging TFT Technologies
8.2 Future Work
9 List of Publications
Appendices
Appendix A
A.1 Analog to Digital Converters Principal Relations
A.1.1 Conventional Oversampled Analog to Digital Converters Signal to Noise Ratio Relation
A.1.2 Analog to Digital Converters based on Sigma Delta Modulators Signal to Noise Ratio Relation
Appendix B
B.1 Alliance CAD Tools in CMOS Design
References
