Physical Cosmology and the Acceleration of Expansion

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Table of contents

Introduction 
1 Physical Cosmology and the Acceleration of Expansion 
1.1 A Historical Overview of Relativity
1.1.1 Galilean Relativity
1.1.2 Special Relativity
1.1.3 General Relativity
1.2 Theoretical Basis of Modern Cosmology
1.2.1 The Friedmann Equations
1.2.2 Cosmological Redshift
1.2.3 The Hubble Diagram
1.3 Constructing the !CDM Model
1.3.1 On the Astrophysical Need for Dark Matter
1.3.2 The First Acceleration Observations From SN
1.3.3 Concordance With Other Probes
1.4 Theoretical Explanations of Observations
1.4.1 Corrections to General Relativity
1.4.2 The Impact of Inhomogeneities
1.4.3 Quintessence Models
2 Supernovae as Standard Candles 
2.1 Empirical Properties of SNIa
2.1.1 Spectroscopic Properties
2.1.2 Photometric Properties
2.1.3 Peculiar SNIa
2.2 Proposed Physical Mechanisms
2.2.1 The Single Degenerate Model
2.2.2 The Double Degenerate Model
2.3 SNIa Modeling
2.3.1 Standardizing the Distance Modulus
2.3.2 On the Need for K-Corrections
2.3.3 Overview of Model Training
2.3.4 Accounting for Data Holes
2.4 Hints of New Standardization Parameters
2.4.1 Spectroscopic Correlations
2.4.2 Galaxy Dependence
3 Overview of the Supernova Legacy Survey 
3.1 Overview of the Science Analysis
3.1.1 Photometry in Different Bands
3.1.2 The SALT2 Light Curve Fitter
3.1.3 The Cosmology Fit
3.2 The CFHT Legacy Survey
3.2.1 The “Very Wide” Survey
3.2.2 The “Wide” Survey
3.2.3 The “Deep” Survey
3.3 Observation Strategy
3.3.1 A Rolling Search
3.3.2 Spectroscopic Follow Up
3.4 MegaPrime
3.4.1 The Upper End
3.4.2 Wide Field Corrector
3.4.3 Image Stabilizing Unit
3.4.4 Guiding and Focus
3.4.5 MegaCam
3.4.6 Around MegaCam
3.4.7 Modeling the Optical Path
3.5 Overview of the Data Flow
3.5.1 Preprocessing at CFHT
3.5.2 Local Processing
4 PSF Photometry of Dim Supernovae 
4.1 Local Image Preprocessing
4.1.1 Sky Subtraction
4.1.2 Star Catalog
4.1.3 PSF fitting
4.1.4 Astrometry
4.2 Direct Simultaneous Photometry
4.2.1 Algorithm
4.2.2 Preserving Linearity
4.2.3 Effects of Refraction
4.3 Validations with simulations
4.3.1 Simulation goals
4.3.2 Simulation method
4.3.3 Expected biases
4.3.4 Simulation parameters
4.3.5 Results
5 Photometric Calibration of the SNLS Supernova Sample 
5.1 Calibrating Supernova Measurements
5.1.1 An Introduction to Photometric Calibration
5.1.2 The SNLS Magnitude System
5.2 Instrument Response Model
5.2.1 Transmission Model
5.2.2 Filter Measurements
5.3 Zero Point computation
5.3.1 Sky Pollution Bias
5.3.2 Chromatic PSF Bias
5.3.3 Results of Calibration uncertainty
6 Cosmology Analysis 
6.1 Supernova Sample Selection
6.1.1 SALT2 Training Sample
6.1.2 For Cosmology
6.1.3 Flux Convention
6.2 Lightcurve Parameter Extraction
6.2.1 Results of the SALT2 Model
6.2.2 Lightcurve Fitting
6.2.3 Simulating the SALT2 Uncertainty
6.3 Corrections
6.3.1 Host Galaxy Mass Corrections
6.3.2 Peculiar Velocity Corrections
6.3.3 Malmquist Bias Correction
6.3.4 Dust Correction
6.4 Fitting the Hubble Diagram
6.4.1 Correlated Calibration Systematics
6.4.2 Determining ‡coh
6.4.3 Constraints from Other Cosmological Probes
6.4.4 Overview of the Fit Method
6.5 Cosmological Results
6.5.1 A Blinded Analysis
6.5.2 Comparison with JLA Analysis
6.5.3 Impact of Corrections
6.5.4 Preliminary Analysis Results
Conclusion 
Appendices
Appendices