LITERATURE REVIEWED ON SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AND HIV/AIDS KNOWLEDGE AMONG WOMEN IN ZAMBIA

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Role play on the face of HIV/AIDS

Anna a 15-year-old young woman is in grade 9 at a basic school. Her parents want her to stop school and get married to a 45 year old man who has married twice and divorced because they had no money to pay for her education. She finally stops school against her will and marries the man. They have unprotected sex and never considered using a condom because she did not know its benefits.
Two years later she had a son who was healthy but she developed an AIDS defining illness (TB). She goes to the district hospital where an HIV test was taken and diagnosed HIV positive but her husband rejects for fear of getting HIV. She is put on treatment and her health status improves tremendously.

WHY WOMEN ARE MORE EASILY INFECTED

It is important to take note of the reasons why women are more easily infected with HIV than men. Women are more vulnerable to HIV infection because women as the recipients of semen are exposed to the sexual fluids of their partner(s) for a longer time than men. Similarly, homosexual behaviour exposes men to sexual fluids of their partners for a longer time. In addition, the area or surface that is exposed to the partner’s secretions during sexual intercourse is longer in the case of women that in men.

THE EFFECT OF THE VIRUS ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus is the virus that causes AIDS. Transmission occurs through the transfer of body fluids by four main routes: – Sexual intercourse, mother to child transmission, Blood transfusion and by sharing unclean needles with infected persons.
Once the virus enters the body, it goes into the blood stream and infects the most important cells involved in the immune response called the CD4 cells. The virus uses the CD4 cells to manufacture more viruses before destroying them. In other words the virus multiplies rapidly stimulating the development of antibodies, hence a person is said to be antibody positive. Immediately the cells are destroyed and become few, the immune system collapses and makes the body defenceless against other pathogens, leaving the body susceptible to infections that a health person would normally fight (opportunistic infections).
Although the person may have no symptoms or signs of the disease, they still can infect others. The risk of transmission is highest soon after becoming infected and during the latter stages when AIDS has developed

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CHAPTER 1 ORIENTATION TO THE STUDY
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
1.3 RESEARCH PROBLEM
1.4 AIM OF THE STUDY
1.4.1 Research objectives
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.
1.6 DEFINITIONS OF TERM
1.7 FOUNDATIONS OF THE STUDY study.
1.8 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD
1.9 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY.
1.10 ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS
1.11 STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS
1.12 CONCLUSION.
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW.
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 PURPOSE OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW.
2.3 SCOPE OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW
2.4 LITERATURE REVIEWED ON SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AND HIV/AIDS KNOWLEDGE AMONG WOMEN IN ZAMBIA
2.4.1 Sexual behaviour of women
2.4.2 HIV/AIDS knowledge among women.
2.4.3 HIV/AIDS peer educational programme
2.4.4 Factors that impact on vulnerability of women to HIV/AIDS.
2.5 CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE QUESTIONS IN THE STUDY.
2.6 RESEARCH FINDINGS ALREADY IN USE
2.7 FOLLOW ON FROM THE LITERATURE REVIEW.
2.8 STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF OTHER STUDIES
2.9 FURTHER RESEARCH NEEDED.
2.10 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY .
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN
3.2.1 Quantitative and qualitative approac
3.2.1.1 Quantitative research.
3.2.1.2 Qualitative research
3.2.2 Non-equivalent control design
3.2.3 Contextual.
3.3 POPULATION
3.4 DATA COLLECTION METHODS
3.5 PHASES TO THE RESEARCH.
3.6 PRE-TEST
3.7 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
3.8 DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION OF QUANTITATIVE DATA .
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.3 HIV/AIDS KNOWLEDGE
4.4 OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH FINDINGS
4.5 CONCLUSION.
Table of contents Page
CHAPTER 5 PRESENTATION AND DESCRIPTION OF QUALITATIVE DATA
CHAPTER 6 POST-INTERVENTION SURVEY.
CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS