Amine scrubbing capture process

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Table of contents

CHAPTER I : GENERAL INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER II : STATE OF THE ART
1 Global warming
2 Carbon capture and storage
2.1 Storage
2.2 Transport
2.3 Capture
3 Amine scrubbing capture process
3.1 Description of the process
3.2 Natural gas treatment
3.3 Performance of the process
3.4 Choice of the solvent
3.5 Conclusion
4 The amine – carbon dioxide reaction
4.1 Definitions
4.2 Instantaneous reactions
4.3 Kinetically limited reactions
4.4 Conclusion
5 Experimental techniques
5.1 Measurement of CO2 absorption flow rate
5.2 Rapid mixing methods
5.3 Conclusion
6 Methods for data treatment
6.1 Numerical method
6.2 Analytical method
7 Conclusion
CHAPTER III : CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 
1 Stopped-flow data
2 First order kinetic constants
3 Effect of the concentration
3.1 Analysis of the raw data
3.2 Tertiary amines
3.3 Primary and secondary amines
3.4 Multi-amines
4 Effect of temperature
4.1 Statistical compensation
4.2 Physico-chemical compensation
5 Conclusion and scope of this work
CHAPTER IV : METHODOLOGY
1 Experimental techniques
1.1 Stopped-flow technique
1.2 Acid-base titration
2 Characterisation of apparent kinetic constants
2.1 Numerical method
2.2 Analytical method
2.3 Experimental optimization
2.4 Method of data treatment
2.5 Uncertainty of the apparent kinetic constant
3 Characterisation of the constants of the kinetic model
3.1 Semi-empirical model
3.2 Uncertainty of the constants of the kinetic model
4 Design of experiments
4.1 General features
4.2 Tertiary amines
4.3 Primary and secondary amines
4.4 Multi-amines
5 Conclusion
CHAPTER V : INTERPRETATION OF EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
1 Overview
1.1 Definitions
1.2 Amines of the class A
1.3 Amines of the class B
2 Tertiary and sterically hindered secondary amines
2.1 Comparison with results from literature
2.2 Alkanolamines
2.3 Alkylamines
2.4 Other tertiary amines
2.5 Secondary amines
2.6 Conclusion
3 Primary amines
3.1 Effect of the basicity
3.2 Effect of the steric hindrance
3.3 Enantiomerism
3.4 Conclusion
4 Acyclic secondary amines
4.1 Change of degree of substitution
4.2 Effect of the basicity
4.3 Effect of the steric hindrance
4.4 Conclusion
5 Cyclic secondary amines
5.1 Effect of the basicity
5.2 Effect of the steric hindrance
5.3 Conclusion
6 Multi-amines
6.1 N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethylethylenediamine
6.2 1-Methylpiperazine
6.3 Piperazine
6.4 Conclusion
7 Discussion
8 Conclusion
CHAPTER VI : QSPR MODELLING
1 General points
2 QSPR descriptor model
2.1 Descriptors
2.2 QSPR model
2.3 Conclusion
3 Results
3.1 Modelling of tertiary and sterically hindered amines
3.2 Modelling of primary and secondary amines
4 Discussion
4.1 Tertiary and sterically hindered amines
4.2 Primary and secondary amines
5 Conclusion
CHAPTER VII : GENERAL CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES
CHAPTER VIII : BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
CHAPTER IX : APPENDICES
1 Bibliography
1.1 Kinetic constants and orders at 25°C
1.2 Bibliography: variation of kter1 and kter2 with temperature
1.3 Bibliography: kinetic constants k1 and k2
2 Taft constant
3 Experimental method
3.1 Determination of CO2 concentration in aqueous solutions
3.2 Experimental optimization
4 Additional information concerning the numerical model
4.1 Thermodynamic parameters
4.2 Kinetic parameters
4.3 Conductivity parameters
5 Additional information concerning the analytical model
5.1 Tertiary amines
5.2 Primary and secondary amines
6 List of studied molecules
6.1 Primary amines
6.2 Secondary amines
6.3 Tertiary amines
6.4 Multi-amines
6.5 Acidic solutions
6.6 Gas
7 Kinetic results of each studied amine for each concentration .
8 Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of each molecule
9 Molecular descriptors
9.1 Complete list of molecular descriptors
9.2 Values of molecular descriptors for primary amines
9.3 Values of molecular descriptors for secondary amines
9.4 Values of molecular descriptors for tertiary amines
10 Nitrogen accessible surface
10.1 Algorithm to calculate the nitrogen accessible surface
10.2 Values of nitrogen accessible surface of studied monoamines
11 QSPR model
11.1 Justification of the proportion of data in each set
11.2 Justification of the number of model used
12 Coefficients of the second order models
12.1 Kinetic constant k1 tertiary and sterically hindered amines
12.2 Kinetic constant k1 primary and secondary amines
12.3 Kinetic constant k2 primary and secondary amines
13 Results of the QSPR modelling
13.1 Tertiary and sterically hindered amines
13.2 Primary and secondary amines
14 French detailed summary (résumé détaillé en français)