Bone-implant interface (BII)

For more info about our services contact : help@bestpfe.com

Table of contents

Chapter 1. Bone and osseointegration 
1.1 Bone tissue
1.1.1 Bone components and hierarchical structure
1.1.2 Bone remodelling and healing
1.2 Bone-implant interface (BII)
1.2.1 Implants
1.2.2 Implant stability and osseointegration
1.2.3 Osseointegration performance
1.2.4 Bone content and tissue quality at the BII
1.3 In vivo models of the BII
1.3.1 Animal models
1.3.2 Implant models
1.4 Experimental characterisation methods
1.4.1 Bone-implant contact, bone quantity and structure
1.4.1.1 Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) technique
1.4.1.2 Histology
1.4.1.3 Micro-computed tomography (CT)
1.4.1.4 X-ray scattering techniques
1.4.1.5 Other techniques evaluating bone structure
1.4.2 Bone composition
1.4.2.1 Raman spectroscopy
1.4.2.2 Other techniques evaluating bone composition
1.4.3 Bone mechanical properties
1.4.3.1 Nanoindentation
1.4.3.2 Micro-Brillouin scattering
1.4.3.3 Macroscopic tests
1.4.3.4 Other techniques evaluating bone mechanical properties
1.5 Numerical models
1.5.1 Mechanical models
1.5.1.1 Modelling the BII
1.5.1.2 Complementing the experimental characterisation methods
1.5.1.3 Preventing stress shielding
1.5.2 Acoustical models
1.6 Key points
Chapter 2. Bone-implant contact at the BII
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Methods
2.2.1 Implants
2.2.2 Topographical analysis
2.2.3 Surgical procedure
2.2.4 Quantitative ultrasonic (QUS) device
2.2.5 Signal processing
2.2.6 Histological analysis
2.2.7 Measurement errors and statistical analysis
2.3 Results
2.3.1 Implant surface characterisation
2.3.2 QUS analysis
2.3.3 Histological analysis
2.3.4 Comparison of QUS and histological measurements
2.4 Discussion
2.4.1 Bone-implant contact increases with healing time
2.4.2 Heterogeneity of bone-implant contact during osseointegration
2.4.3 Implant surface roughness influences osseointegration
2.4.4 Validation with the numerical microscale BII model
2.4.5 A higher sensitivity of the QUS technique compared to histology
2.4.6 Influence of bone quality
2.4.7 Limitations
2.5 Conclusion
2.6 Key points
Chapter 3. Influence of nanoscopic bone composition and structure on microscopic elastic properties at the BII
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Methods
3.2.1 Sample preparation
3.2.2 Raman spectroscopy
3.2.3 Nanoindentation measurements
3.2.4 Statistical analysis
3.3 Results
3.4 Discussion
3.4.1 Composition and mechanical properties within newly formed and mature bone
3.4.2 Bone mineral phase of newly formed tissue under remodelling
3.4.3 Immature organic phase within newly formed bone
3.4.4 A lower mineral content in newly formed bone
3.4.5 Effects of compositional and structural changes on bone elastic properties
3.4.6 Limitations
3.5 Conclusion
3.6 Key points
Chapter 4. Spatio-temporal variations of bone elastic properties at the BII 
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Methods
4.2.1 Sample preparation
4.2.2 Histological analysis
4.2.3 Nanoindentation measurements
4.2.4 Micro-Brillouin scattering measurements
4.2.5 Statistical analysis
4.2.6 Local density estimation
4.3 Results
4.3.1 Histological analysis
4.3.2 Nanoindentation measurements
4.3.3 Micro-Brillouin scattering measurements
4.3.4 Local relative variations and density estimation
4.4 Discussion
4.4.1 Bone elastic parameters
4.4.2 Effect of healing time on bone elastic properties
4.4.3 Spatial variations of bone elastic properties at the BII
4.4.4 Contact osteogenesis within the bone chamber
4.4.5 Limitations
4.5 Conclusion
4.6 Key points
Chapter 5. Perspectives 
5.1 Further characterisation of the BII
5.1.1 Towards a better quantification of bone growth at the BII
5.1.2 Further biomechanical characterisation of the BII
5.1.2.1 Taking into account bone anisotropy and viscoelasticity
5.1.2.2 Investigating the rupture of the BII under mechanical loading
5.1.2.3 Characterisation of bone-implant friction
5.1.3 Effect of mechanical loading during osseointegration
5.1.3.1 Bone adaptation
5.1.3.2 Mechanotransduction
5.2 Clinical applications and medical devices
5.2.1 Optimising clinical implants and treatments
5.2.1.1 Optimisation of the implant surface properties
5.2.1.2 Optimisation of medical treatments
5.2.2 Developing medical devices for stability assessment
5.3 Key points