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Table of contents
I Introduction
1 GABAergic signaling in the brain
1.1 Inhibition in the brain
1.1.1 GABAergic receptors
1.1.2 Mechanisms of inhibition
1.1.3 Activation of GABAergic receptors
1.1.4 Inhibitory neuron diversity
1.2 Inhibitory neurons in brain circuits: functions of inhibition
1.2.1 Inhibition in microcircuits
1.2.2 Inhibitory neuron activity in behavior
1.2.3 « Balanced » inhibition and excitation
1.2.4 Inhibitin narrows opportunity window for input integration
1.2.5 Inhibition shapes tuning properties of excitatory neurons
1.2.6 Inhibition controls the gain of neurons
1.2.7 Inhibition of inhibition
1.2.8 Cell assembly recruitment
1.2.9 Oscillations
1.2.10 Inhibition in plasticity and learning
1.3 Functional role GABABR-mediated inhibition
1.4 Long-range GABAergic projections in the brain
1.5 Conclusion on the role of inhibition in brain circuits
2 Introduction to the olfactory system
2.1 Signal transduction: from the nose to the brain
2.2 Synaptic organization in the Olfactory Bulb
2.2.1 Microcircuits in the Glomerular Layer
2.2.2 Olfactory bulb output neurons: routing the information to the olfactory cortex
2.2.3 Reciprocal connection with Granule cells
2.2.4 Additional microcircuits
2.3 From the Olfactory Bulb to the Olfactory Cortex
3 Top-down to the Olfactory Bulb
3.1 Glutamatergic feedback from the olfactory cortex
3.1.1 Projections originating from the anterior olfactory nucleus
3.1.2 Projections originating from the anterior piriform cortex
3.1.3 Topography of cortical feedback projections
3.1.4 Conclusion on glutamatergic cortical feedback
3.2 Top-down inputs from neuromodulatory regions
3.2.1 Serotoninergic neuromodulation
3.2.2 Inputs from the locus coeruleus
3.2.3 Cholinergic inputs from the basal forebrain
3.2.4 Conclusion on neuromodulatory top-down
3.3 GABAergic top-down
3.4 Conclusion on top-down inputs to the olfactory bulb
4 Olfactory Coding in the Olfactory Bulb
4.1 Large scale temporal coding in the olfactory bulb
4.2 Transformation in the Glomerular Layer
4.3 Transformation by Granule cells
4.4 Transformation by other Olfactory Bulb neurons
4.5 Odor responses in M/T cells
4.6 Olfactory code in the Olfactory Bulb
4.7 Cortical influences on olfactory coding and behavior
II Results
1 Cortical top-down inputs to the olfactory bulb are regulated by GABABRs (Article 1)
1.1 Results from the article
1.2 Supplementary results
2 GABAergic cortico-bulbar projections to the olfactory bulb alter olfactory perception (Article 2, in preparation)
2.1 Results from the article in preparation
2.2 Preliminary results
III Discussion
0.1 Extended discussion on Article 1
0.2 Discussion on Article 2 and future directions
0.3 General discussion
GABAergic Signaling in Cortical Feedback to the OB
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