Gyrokinetic theory

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Table of contents

1 Introduction to plasma physics related to microinstabilities, fast-iondriven modes and self-regulation mechanisms 
1.1 Nuclear fusion
1.1.1 Magnetically confined plasmas
1.2 Basic introduction to tokamak plasma description
1.2.1 The magnetic equilibrium in tokamaks
1.2.2 Modeling of magnetized plasmas towards the f approach .
1.2.3 Fluid moments
1.2.4 Wave-particle interaction
1.2.5 Gyrokinetic theory
1.2.6 Orbits of charged particles in toroidal plasmas
1.3 Introduction to instabilities in tokamaks
1.3.1 Microinstabilities driven by the thermal particles
1.3.2 Instabilities driven by the fast ions
1.4 Nonlinear regime of plasma dynamics
1.4.1 Introduction to turbulence
1.4.2 Nonlinear saturation mechanisms
1.5 Brief history on the impact of fast ions on microturbulence
1.6 Thesis outline
2 Flux-tube simulations of tokamak plasmas 
2.1 Flux-tube approach
2.2 The GENE code
2.2.1 System of equations solved in GENE
2.2.2 Diagnosed quantities
3 Impact of MeV ions on ITG-driven turbulence 
3.1 Experimental observations in JET three-ion heating scheme scenario
3.1.1 Three-ion heating scheme: Generation of MeV-range ion population
3.1.2 Impact of MeV-range ions on global plasma confinement
3.1.3 Three-ion scheme as effective actuator of Alfv´en activity .
3.2 Numerical setup
3.3 Linear stability studies
3.3.1 Linear stability of the system without fast ions
3.3.2 Impact of fast ions on the linear stability of JET pulse #94701 77
3.3.3 Identification of the fast-ion-driven instability
3.3.4 Study of the TAE excitation mechanism
3.4 Ion-scale turbulence suppression via complex mechanism
3.4.1 Assessment of the nonlinear impact of fast ions on the thermal confinement in JET #94701
3.4.2 Strong TAE-induced fast-ion transport
3.4.3 ITG turbulence suppressed by enhanced zonal activity
3.4.4 Nonlinear coupling between TAE and zonal flow spatiotemporal scales
3.4.5 Low-frequency modes excited by fully destabilized TAEs
3.4.6 Study of the MeV-ion effect on the cross-phase
3.5 Residual electron transport in the presence of zonal fields
3.5.1 Strong zonal field activity in the presence of fully destabilized AEs
3.5.2 Destabilization of high-frequency electron-driven modes
3.6 Partial conclusions
3.7 Further analyses: Negative magnetic shear effect on fast ion confinement
4 Impact of fast ions on different turbulent regimes: TEM 
4.1 JT-60U hybrid scenario
4.2 Numerical setup
4.3 Linear stability studies
4.3.1 Analysis of the linear spectrum without fast ions
4.3.2 Analysis of the linear spectrum with fast ions
4.3.3 Validity of the flux-tube approximation
4.3.4 Linear effects of fast ions on TEM
4.4 Preliminary nonlinear analyses: Need for setup modification
4.4.1 Effects of high-frequency instability on the heat transport
4.5 Fast ion impact on TEM-dominated transport
4.5.1 Description of the simulation setup modifications
4.5.2 Effects of the modified setup on the linear stability
4.5.3 Impact of fast ions on TEM-induced fluxes in the nonlinear regime
4.5.4 Role of zonal flows as saturation mechanism of TEM turbulence
4.6 Partial conclusions
4.7 Numerical experiment: TEM transport reduced with highly energeticions and low- conditions
5 Conclusions and future directions 
5.1 Main conclusions
5.2 Future work
Bibliography