Hacking the Immune System

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Table of contents

Contents
Acknowledgments/Remerciements
Contents
Introduction
Chapter I: Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, a growing health problem
1- A Versatile Pathogen
2- The Main Weapons of P. aeruginosa
A) First Contacts
B) Type III Secretion System: Shooting Toxins in Cells
C) Virulence Without a T3SS
D) Type II Secretion System: Shooting Toxins Next to Cells
E) Next Target: Lipids
F) Iron Is All I Need
G) LPS: Smooth or Rough
H) Hacking the Immune System
3- Current antibiotic treatments and associated resistance mechanisms
A) Antibiotics Against P. aeruginosa: Choose Carefully
B) All the Roads Lead to Resistance
C) Biofilms: United We Stand
4- P. aeruginosa in Cystic Fibrosis: From Acute to Chronic Infections
A) Cystic Fibrosis Lungs: a Bacterial Paradise
B) Mucoidy Origins
C) Evolution of P. aeruginosa in CF: Less Virulence, More Resistance
Chapter II: Bacteriophages, the most abundant bacterial predators
1- The Three Faces of Phage Research
A) An Ubiquitous Predator
B) Phage Therapy Part 1: Chaotic Beginnings
C) Phages and the Birth of Molecular Biology
2- Introduction to phage biology
A) Phage Diversity and their Classification
B) Phage Life Cycles
C) Adsorption: First Step Toward Infection
D) Preventing Phage Adsorption: First Line of Defense
E) Genome Injection or Ejection?
F) Superinfection Exclusion: A Prophage Protects Against Phages
G) Restriction-Modification Systems: Cutting Genome of Phages
H) CRISPR-Cas: Adaptive Immunity against Phages
I) From Bacterial Cell to Virocell
J) Viral Genome Replication
K) DNA Packaging and Phage Assembly
L) Host Cell Lysis: Three Steps and Two Choices to Release Phages
M) Abortive Infection: Bacterial Altruistic Suicide
3- Phage Therapy Part II: A New Hope
A) Clinical Experience of Phage Therapy: Does It Work?
B) Compassionate Phage Therapy around the World: Sporadic Successes
C) The Importance of Dosage and Timing
D) Choosing the Right Phage
E) Phage Product Formulation
F) Phage Cocktail Design Strategies
G) Interactions Between Phage Therapy and the Immune System
Results
1- A bacteriophage protein favors bacterial host takeover by impairing stress response
2- The combination of bacteriophages prevents resistant outgrowth in vitro but does not increase pulmonary phage therapy efficacy in immunocompromised animals
Perspectives
1- A bacteriophage protein favors bacterial host takeover by impairing stress response.
A) Hypotheses and Complementary Work
B) From a Protein of Unknown Function to a Potent New Drug
2- The combination of bacteriophages prevents resistant outgrowth in vitro but does not increase pulmonary phage therapy efficacy in immunocompromised animals
A) Hypotheses and Complementary Work
B) Phage Receptor Cocktail Design
C) Exploiting Phage Resistance to Steer Bacterial Evolution
D) Phages/Antibiotics Combinations: Everything Can Happen
References