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Table of contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Aims and objectives
1.3 Methodology
2 Waste heat recovery in Iron and Steel industry
2.1 Waste heat recovery in the US and Sweden
2.2 SSAB recovery potential for heat pump utilization
2.3 Nyköping and Oxelösund heat demand
2.3.1 Oxelösund heat demand
2.3.2 Nyköping heat demand
2.3.3 Nyköping heat demand when heat from SSAB is not available
2.4 Feasibility study and potential for heat pump utilization
2.4.1 Why using the cooling tower?
2.4.2 Heat source (cooling tower) specification
3 The high temperature industrial heat pump
3.1 Industrial heat pumps
3.2 Industrial heat pump applications in general
3.3 Heat pump principle
3.3.1 Evaporator and condenser
3.3.2 Compressor
3.3.3 The expansion valve
3.4 Many types of industrial heat pumps..
3.5 A high temperature heat pump for SSAB
4 Refrigerant
4.1 Environmental indicators:
4.2 Types of the refrigerants:
4.2.1 CFCs
4.2.2 HCFCs (hydrochlorofluorocarbons)
4.2.3 HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons):
4.2.4 Blends
4.2.5 Natural working fluids
4.2.6 Ammonia (NH3)
4.2.7 CO2
4.2.8 Water
4.2.9 Hydrocarbons
4.3 How to choose the proper refrigerant – compilation
4.4 Refrigerant for high temperature heat pump
4.5 Refrigerants suitable for District heating heat pumps
4.6 Result
5 Simulation
5.1 Modeling description
5.2 EES Modeling, of Oxelösund’s heat demand:
5.2.1 Modeling Flow
5.2.2 Heat Pump formulas and relations
5.2.3 P-h and T-s diagram
5.2.4 Simulation results
5.3 Modeling, of Oxelösund-Nyköping – also considering that waste heat could be unavailable.
5.3.1 Heat Pump formulas and relations
5.3.2 P-h and T-s diagram
5.3.3 Simulation result
6 Environment and CO2 emissions
7 Cost
8 Results and discussion
9 Conclusion
Bibliography
10 Appendix
10.1 Appendix A
10.2 Appendix B
10.3 Appendix C
