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Table of contents
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Bacillus cereus group
1.1.1 The Bacillus genus
1.1.2 The Bacillus cereus group species
1.1.2.1 Bacillus cereus sensu stricto
1.1.2.2 Bacillus thuringiensis
1.1.2.3 Bacillus anthracis
1.1.3 Genome & taxonomy
1.1.4 Plasmids
1.2 Quorum sensing systems – RNPP Family
1.2.1 Quorum sensing in Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria
1.2.2 RNPP family
1.2.2.1 Rap-Phr systems
1.2.2.2 NprR-NprX system
1.2.2.3 PlcR-PapR system
1.2.2.4. PrgX & cCF10/iCF10
1.2.2.5 Expansion of the RNPP family
1.2.2.6 Regulation of the infectious cycle in B. thuringiensis
1.3 Rap-Phr Systems
1.3.1 Sporulation in Bacillus
1.3.2 Rap-Phr systems in B. subtilis
1.3.3 Rap characteristics
1.3.4 Phr: sequence and maturation
1.3.5 Plasmid-borne Rap-Phr (QS) systems
2 OBJECTIVES
3 ARTICLE 1 Diversity of the Rap-Phr quorum-sensing systems in the Bacillus cereus group
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Bacterial genomes
Construction of the rap-phr database
Rap proteins clustering
Multilocus sequencing type (MLST) tree
Plasmids construction and growth conditions
DNA manipulation
Sporulation assay
Statistical analyses
Results
Genomic overview of the B. cereus group strains
rap-phr genes distribution
Rap protein clustering
Phr peptides
The relationship between MLST phylogenetic tree and Rap distribution
Sporulation activity prediction
Discussion
Acknowledgements
Tables
Figures
References
Online Resources
4 ARTICLE 2 Rap-Phr systems from pAW63 and pHT8-1 plasmids act synergistically to regulate sporulation in the Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD73 strain
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Bacterial strains and growth conditions
DNA manipulations
Plasmid and strains constructions
RT-PCR experiment
Synthetic oligopeptides
In vitro sporulation assays
In vivo sporulation assays
Aggregation kinetics
Microscopy
Results
Transcriptional analysis of the rap and phr genes
Rap63 inhibits sporulation
Rap63 delays expression of Spo0A-regulated genes
Auto-aggregation phenotype linked to sporulation
The ΔPhr8ΔPhr63 mutant strain negatively affects the commitment to sporulation
Determination of the Phr63 active form
A crosstalk between Rap-Phr63 and Rap8-Phr8 systems?
Discussion
Acknowledgements
Figures
References
Supporting Information
5 DISCUSSION
5.1 Overview of Rap-Phr systems in B. cereus group
5.2 Sporulation activity prediction
5.3 Rap63-Phr63 regulates sporulation
5.4 Synergistic activity of Rap63-Phr63 and Rap8-Phr8 on regulation of the commitment to sporulation
5.5. The Phr63 peptide and the specificity of Rap-Phr systems
6 CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
