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Table of contents
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Background of QUS in cortical bone assessment
1.1.1 QUS measurements
1.1.2 three model of QUS measurement
1.1.3 the improvement of these thesis in bone parameters estimation
1.2 Background of ultrasound imaging in industrial and medical domain
1.2.1 ultrasound tomography
1.2.2 Full waveform inversion
1.2.3 Time domain topological energy
1.2.4 The improvement of cortical bone imaging in this thesis
2 Sparse signal processing in the evaluation of the cortical bone
2.1 Sparse signal processing
2.1.1 Signal model
2.1.2 Dictionary
2.1.3 Orthogonal Matching Pursuit
2.1.4 Adapted Orthogonal Matching Pursuit
2.2 Estimation of the Cortical Thickness and Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation
2.3 Numerical simulation of the OMP in the cortical bone assessment
2.3.1 2D numerical simulation
2.3.2 Application of OMP in imaging with a phased array transducer
2.4 Experimental validation
2.4.1 The sawbone plates
2.4.2 Ex-vivo measurement of the cortical bone
2.4.3 In-vivo measurement of the cortical bone
2.4.4 Results
2.5 Discussion
2.6 Appendix: Comparison between OMP and the envelop method
2.7 Appendix: Received in vivo signal and reconstruction by OMP
3 Cortical bone imaging by Time Domain Topological Energy
3.1 Time Domain Topological Gradient
3.1.1 Cost function
3.1.2 The topological gradient for linear elasticity and elastodynamics
3.1.3 Iterative process for the Time Domain Topological Gradient
3.2 Numerical simulations
3.2.1 Image of a 2D cross-section of cortical bone
3.3 Result Discussion
3.3.1 Velocity mismatch
3.3.2 Sampling frequency and time interval in TDTE integration
3.4 in vitro femur neck cortical bone validation
4 TDTE with Sparse Signal Processing for Cortical Bone Imaging
4.1 Sparse Signal Processing
4.1.1 Signal Model
4.1.2 Simplified version of OMP
4.1.3 Model based OMP without building dictionary
4.2 Additional processing
4.2.1 Envelope processing
4.2.2 Curve fitting
4.3 Numerical simulation
4.4 Experimental validation using the cortical bone phantom
4.5 Appendix
5 Iterative TDTE applied to cortical bone imaging
5.1 Iterative TDTE
5.2 Numerical simulation
5.2.1 Cortical bone with irregular internal boundary
5.3 bone phantom validation
5.4 Iterative TDTE of cortical bone with osteoporosis (pores inside cortical bone)
6 Quantitative Imaging of Cortical Bone by FullWaveform Inversion
6.1 Migration by adjoint method
6.1.1 The connection between imaging and adjoint kernels
6.1.2 Numerical implementation of sensitive kernels
6.2 Numerical imaging of cortical bone internal boundary by adjoint kernels
6.3 Full waveform inversion
6.4 Numerical Implement
6.4.1 pre-processing, post-processing, Nonlinear optimization
6.4.2 Numerical implement
7 Summary and conclusion
7.1 Summary
7.2 Comparation between TDTE, migration and full waveform inversion
Bibliography
