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Table of contents
1 Introduction
1.1 General Introduction
1.2 West African Craton Geology
1.2.1 Introduction
1.2.2 Geological Setting
1.2.3 Controversies
1.3 Synthesis
1.4 References
2 Research aims and rationale
2.1 Research aims
2.2 Thesis outline
2.2.1 Chapter 3: Transtension-related lower crust exhumation in the late stages of the Palaeoproterozoic Eburnean Orogeny, SW Ghana: Evidence for diachronous assembly of the São Luís-West African Craton
2.2.2 Chapter 4: Petrological and geochronological evidence of collisional orogenesis and lower crust exhumation during the Palaeoproterozoic Eburnean Orogeny, SW Ghana, West African Craton
2.2.3 Chapter 5: Palaeoproterozoic juvenile crust formation in southern Ghana, West Africa: New insights from igneous geochemistry and U-Pb-Hf zircon data
2.2.4 Chapter 6: Discussion and conclusions
2.3 References
3 The geology and tectonic evolution of southwest Ghana
3.0 Introduction
Chapter 3: Transtension-related lower crust exhumation in the late stages of the Palaeoproterozoic Eburnean Orogeny, SW Ghana: Evidence for diachronous assembly of the São Luís-West African Craton
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Geological Setting
3.3. Study area
3.3.1 Litho-structural domains
3.3.2. Major Shear zones
3.4 Methodology and data
3.4.1 Methodology
3.4.2 Processing and interpretation of geophysical data
3.5 Lithological associations and geological map
3.5.1 Lithologies
3.5.2 Geophysical response of tectono-metamorphic domains
3.6 Tectono-metamorphic history
3.6.1 Deformation sequence
3.6.2 Metamorphic history
3.6.3 Structural-metamorphic map
3.7 Discussion
3.7.1 Timing of Eburnean deformation in the Sefwi Belt
3.7.2 Rheology, tectonic style and exhumation
3.7.3 Orogenic model, regional correlations and Transamazonian ties
3.7.4 Implications for Paleoproterozoic geodynamics
3.8 Conclusions
3.9 Acknowledgements
3.10 References
4 The metamorphic evolution of SW Ghana
4.0 Introduction
Chapter 4: Petrological and geochronological evidence of collisional orogenesis and lower crust exhumation during the Palaeoproterozoic Eburnean Orogeny, SW Ghana, WAC
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Geological Setting
4.2.1 West African Craton geology
4.2.2 Geology of southwest Ghana
4.3 Methods
4.3.1 Petrographic analysis and mineral chemistry
4.3.2 P-T calculations
4.3.3 Geochronology
4.4 Petrography and mineral chemistry
4.4.1 High-grade rocks
4.4.2 H2O-saturated melting
4.5 Results
4.5.1 P-T conditions and P-T paths
4.5.2 Geochronology
4.6 Discussion
4.6.1 Metamorphic evolution of the study area
4.6.2 Regional context
4.6.3 Burial and exhumation
4.6.4 Implications for Palaeoproterozoic tectonics
4.7 Conclusions
4.8 Acknowledgements
4.9 References
5 Crustal evolution of the West African Craton
5. 0 Introduction
Chapter 5: Palaeoproterozoic juvenile crust formation in southern Ghana, West
Africa: New insights from igneous geochemistry and U-Pb-Hf zircon data
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Palaeoproterozoic geology of West Africa
5.3 Main lithologies and stratigraphy
5.4 Sampling and analytical methods
5.4.1 Whole rock geochemistry
5.4.2 Zircon U-Pb dating
5.4.3 In-situ Lu–Hf analyses
5.5 Results
5.5.1 Lithological and petrological descriptions
5.5.2 Whole rock geochemistry
5.5.3 Geochronology
5.6 Discussion
5.6.1 Petrogenesis of magmatic suites
5.6.2 Timing of juvenile crust formation, recycling and basin deposition
5.6.3 Implications for the crustal architecture of the West African Craton
5.6.4 A geodynamic model for the southern West African Craton
5.7 Conclusions
5.8 Acknowledgements
5.9 References
6 Discussion and conclusion
6.1 Discussion
6.1.1 Introduction
6.1.2 Evolution of the West African Craton
6.1.3 Implications for Palaeoproterozoic geodynamics and orogenesis
6.1.4 Recommendations for future research
6.2 Conclusion
6.3 References
