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Table of contents
Chapter.I. Introduction and state of art
I.1. General context
I.2. In-situ measurements of Evapotranspiration
I.3. Modeling approaches of Evapotranspiration
I.3.1. Empirical models
I.3.2. Mechanistic models
I.3.3. Surface Energy Balance (SEB) models
I.4. Remote sensing of Evapotranspiration
I.4.1. Models based on vegetation index
I.4.2. Models based on Land Surface Temperature
I.4.3. Models based on Surface soil moisture
I.5. Objectives
Chapter.II. Modeling approaches : Description and implementation
II.1. Introduction
II.2. TSEB Model Description and Implementation
II.2.1. Algorithm for solving the energy balance and the equation system
II.2.2. Calibration procedure
II.3. TSEB-SM Model Description and Implementation
II.3.1. Algorithm for solving the energy balance and the equation system
II.3.2. Calibration procedure
II.4. Aggregation scheme
II.5. Disaggregation model of SM data
II.6. Conclusion
Chapter.III. Sites and data used
III.1. Introduction
III.2. Sites and in-situ data description
III.2.1. Watershed of Tensift el Haouz
III.2.2. Wankama basin (Niger)
III.2.3. Spatial data
III.3. Conclusion
Chapter.IV. Validation of TSEB model over sparse and heterogeneous vegetation in Sahel region (Niger)
IV.1. Introduction
IV.2. Results and discussion
IV.2.1. Experimental data analysis
IV.2.2. Results of multi-Scale surfaces fluxes
IV.3. Summury and Conclusions
Chapter.V. Improving TSEB model by integrating sm data (TSEB-SM): a feasibility study using in-situ data (LST, 𝐟𝐜and SM)
V.1. Introduction
V.2. TSEB-SM Model Description and Implementation
V.3. Retrieving (arss, brss) and αPT parameters
V.3.1. Calibration first step
V.3.2. Calibration 2nd step
V.3.3. Calibration 3th step
V.4. Results
V.4.1. Interpretation of αPT variabilities
V.4.2. Surface fluxes
V.5. Summary and Conclusions
Chapter.VI. Remote sensing application of TSEB-SM (combining DisPATCh SM and MODIS LST data for mapping ET at 1 km resolution
VI.1. Introduction
VI.2. TSEB-SM Model improvements
VI.3. Accuracy of Remote Sensing data
VI.4. Retrieving (arss, brss) parameters
VI.5. αPT variablities
VI.5.1. Using in-situ data
VI.5.2. Using satellite data
VI.5.3. Interpretation of αPT variabilities
VI.6. Surface fluxes
VI.6.1. Using in-situ data
VI.6.2. Using satellite data
VI.7. Summary and Conclusions
Chapter.VII. Conclusion and perspectives
References
