Synthesis of ultradispersed boehmite particles

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Table of contents

INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER I: LITERATURE REVIEW
I.1 Introduction: colloidal phenomena
I.2 Interactions in colloidal systems
I.2.1 Potential distribution around a charged surface: the Poisson-Boltzmann equation
I.2.2 Van der Waals interaction between two particles
I.2.3 DLVO theory of colloid stability
I.3 Colloidal interactions in practice: diversity of particular characteristics
I.3.1 Structure of boehmite
I.3.2 Synthesis of ultradispersed boehmite particles
I.3.3 Acidic peptization of boehmite
I.3.4 Speciation of aluminium in boehmite dispersions
I.3.5 Rheological features
I.3.5.1 Viscosity, shear-thinning and thixotropic behavior
I.3.5.2 Phase diagrams
I.3.5.3 Viscoelasticity and yield stress
I.4 Dead-end filtration of colloidal dispersions
I.4.1 Transport mechanisms across porous media
I.4.2 Pressure driven membrane processes
I.4.3 Membrane fouling
I.5 Experimental characterization of fouling mechanisms in colloidal systems
I.5.1 Effect of surface charge, pH and ionic environment
I.5.2 Effect of particles shape and aspect ratio
I.5.3 Effect of particle size distribution
I.5.4 Filtration studies in situ
I.6 Summary
CHAPTER II: MATERIALS AND METHODS
II.1 Product information
II.2 Samples preparation
II.3 Sols characterization
II.3.1 Particle size and shape
II.3.2 Volume fraction, pH and -potential
II.3.3 Ionic composition of the aqueous phase
II.3.4 Rheometric studies
II.3.5 Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)
II.4 Dead-end filtration studies on boehmite dispersions
II.4.1 Filtration unit for ex situ tests and data acquisition
II.4.2 Determination of the deposits permeability and compressibility
II.5 X-Ray tomography
II.5.1 Principle of X-Ray computed tomography
II.5.2 X-Ray tomography in membrane separation studies
II.5.3 Filtration cell for X-Ray radiography imaging
II.5.4 Synchrotron X-ray tomography
CHAPTER III: FRONTAL FILTRATION STUDIES ON BOEHMITE DISPERSIONS
III.1 Size and shape of boehmite particles
III.2 Ionic composition of the aqueous phase
III.3 Filtration studies ex situ: deposits permeability
III.4 The boehmite – solution interface
III.5 Structural organization of filtration deposits
III.6 Monitoring concentration profiles by X-Ray radiography imaging
III.7 Summary
CHAPTER IV: PROPERTIES OF OSMOTICALLY DENSIFIED BOEHMITE DISPERSIONS: MICROSTRUCTURE AND PARTICLES ORGANIZATION
IV.1 Osmotic pressure curves and phase diagram
IV.2 Structure and particle organization
IV.3 Rheological characterization
IV.3.1 Yielding behavior of boehmite gels
IV.3.2 Elasticity of boehmite gels
IV.3.3 Rheological determination of the interaction potential energy
IV.4 Summary
CHAPTER V: PARTICLE MOTION IN A YIELD STRESS ENVIRONMENT
V.1 Bimodal mixture: in situ dead-end filtration by using synchrotron radiation
V.2 Summary
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES
ANNEX 1
ANNEX 2
NOMENCLATURE
REFERENCES