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Table of contents
Introduction
1 Elements of parity violation theory in atoms
1.1 Weak interactions in atoms
1.2 Manifestation of the parity violating weak interaction
1.3 Choice of the PV observable
1.3.1 Effective transition dipole
1.3.2 Atomic anisotropy after excitation
1.3.3 Detection of the alignment by stimulated emission
2 Parity violation detection in a cesium cell: strategy and preliminary results
2.1 Principle
2.1.1 Experimental setup
2.1.2 Detection of the alignment of the cesium atoms by the stimulated emission process
2.1.3 Main systematic effects arising from electric and magnetic fields
2.2 History and organization of the experimental work
2.2.1 Experimental background
2.2.2 Our grooved cells
2.3 First tests: characterization and optimization of the experimental conditions
2.3.1 Alignment of the PV setup
2.3.2 Cell windows: tilt and temperature
2.3.3 First examples of asymmetry
2.3.4 The transverse fields
2.3.5 The measurement of the applied longitudinal electric field
2.3.6 The longitudinal magnetic field Bz(Ez-odd)
2.4 Improvements of the experimental setup
2.4.1 Stabilization of the excitation laser frequency
2.4.2 Reducing the absorption of the probe beam
2.4.3 Use of a polarization magnifier: the dichroic cube
2.5 Parity violationmeasurements and analysis
2.5.1 Organization of the PV acquisition
2.5.2 Noisy data rejection
2.5.3 Anisotropies
2.5.4 Isotropic contribution of γ1 and α2
2.5.5 Measurements with and without the use of the polarization magnifier: considerations about the noise
2.5.6 Conclusion
3 The first steps for a parity violation experiment with radioactive francium: production and trapping
3.1 Considerations for a PVmeasurement with cold francium
3.1.1 Cold beam
3.1.2 Prospects for forbidden-transition spectroscopy and parity violation measurements using a beam of cold stable or radioactive atoms
3.1.3 Dipole trap
3.2 The present Francium experiment at Legnaro laboratories: from production to trapping
3.2.1 Franciumproduction and extraction
3.2.2 The secondary beamline
3.2.3 The neutralizer
3.2.4 The magneto-optical trap
3.2.5 Conclusion
Conclusion
A Important quantities for parity violation experiments in cesium and francium
A.1 The case of cesiumatoms
A.1.1 Mhf
A.1.2 M1: experimental measurement of Mhf
A.1.3 The vector polarizability β
A.1.4 m(EPV
A.1.5 kPV from atomic calculations
A.1.6 The weak charge QW
A.1.7 The electric quadrupole amplitude E2
A.2 The case of franciumatoms
A.2.1 The magnetic dipole amplitude M1
A.2.2 The scalar and vector polarizabilities α and β
A.2.3 m(EPV
A.3 Summary table
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
References
