The faint young Sun paradox : how to warm the early Earth ?

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Table of contents

1 Introduction 
1.1 Context of the study
1.1.1 Earth’s accretion and the potential origins of its volatile elements
1.1.2 The early Earth: from the Hadean to the Archean
1.2 Introduction to Xenology: principles and applications
1.2.1 Isotopic structure of Xenon and physico-chemical caracteristics
1.2.2 I-Pu-Xe systematics and the dating of reservoirs closure
1.2.3 Relations between solar system components
1.2.4 Atmospheric Xenon: paradox, plausible explanations and implications
1.2.5 The case of Mars-Xe: a similar story?
1.3 Questions and research opportunities
2 Samples Characterization and Analytical Methods 
2.1 Geological setting of the samples
2.1.1 The Barberton greenstone belt (South Africa)
2.1.2 The Hamersley Basin and the Fortescue Group (Australia)
2.1.3 Other studied geological areas
2.2 Analytical methods
2.2.1 Noble gas mass spectrometry
2.2.2 Ar-Ar extended method: Ar-Ar ages and halogens (I, Cl, Br) abundances
2.2.3 Analyses of other noble gases (Ne, Ar) and nitrogen
3 Results and Implications 
3.1 Article Chondritic Xenon in the Earth’s Mantle
3.1.1 Additional Comments and Research Perspectives
3.2 Article Archean Xenon Reveals a Possible Cometary Origin for the Earth’s Atmosphere
3.3 Article Evolution of Atmospheric Xenon and other Noble Gases Inferred from the Study of Archean to Paleoproterozoic rocks
3.3.1 Additional Comments and Research Perspectives
3.4 Article The I-Pu-Xe age of the Moon-Earth system revisited
3.4.1 Additional Results and Research Perspectives
4 Conclusions and Perspectives 
4.1 Main Results of this Study
4.2 The Potential Contribution from Comets
4.3 An Emerging Picture for the Origin and Evolution of Terrestrial Xenon
4.4 Open Issues and Research Perspectives
5 Annexes 
5.1 Article A comprehensive study of noble gases and nitrogen in « Hypatia », a diamond-rich pebble from SW Egypt
5.2 Article Multiple carriers of Q noble gases in primitive chondrites
5.3 Article Tissint Martian Meteorite: A Fresh Look at the Interior, Surface, and Atmosphere of Mars
5.4 Article Origins of volatile elements (H, C, N, noble gases) on Earth and Mars in light of recent results from the ROSETTA cometary mission

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