The integrative Biological Response Index (IBR)

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Table of contents

I. INTRODUCTION
1. THE BAY OF BISCAY
1.1 Ibaizabal Estuary
1.2 Oka Estuary
1.3 Gironde Estuary
2. METAL POLLUTION IN ESTUARIES
2.1 Copper
2.2 Silver
3. BIVALVES AS SENTINEL ORGANISMS
3.1 Chemical measurements: Stable isotopes application in ecotoxicology
3.2 Cu and Ag interactions in oysters
3.3 Biomarkers
3.3.1 Metal exposure biomarkers
3.3.1.1 Metallothioneins
3.3.1.2 Intralysosomal metal accumulation
3.3.2 Effect biomarkers
3.3.2.1 Lipofuscin accumulation
3.3.2.2 Intracellular acumulation of neutral lipids
3.3.2.3 Tissue level biomarkers
3.3.2.4 Histopathology
3.3.3 The Integrative Biological Response (IBR) index
II. STATE OF THE ART, HYPOTHESIS AND OBJECTIVES
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Chapter I: Environmental health assessment of 3 estuaries from the Bay of Biscay using cell and tissue level biomarkers in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas)
Chapter II: Assessment of the effects of Cu and Ag in oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) using a battery of cell and tissue level biomarkers
Chapter III: Influence of salinity in Ag and Cu toxicity in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) through the intergrative biomarker approach
Chapter IV: Assessment of the effects exerted by copper and silver in oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) after dietary exposure
IV. CONCLUSIONS AND THESIS
V. APPENDIX
Appendix I
Appendix II: Protocols of experimental procedures