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Table of contents
Introduction
Research context: micro-seismicity of Earth surface processes
Research objectives
Research questions
Study sites
Outline of the thesis
Framework
1 Typology of endogenous seismic sources generated by gravitational slopemovements
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Description of landslide endogenous seismic sources
1.2.1 Fracture related sources
1.2.2 Topple and fall related sources
1.2.3 Mass flow related sources
1.2.4 Fluid related sources
1.3 Landslide seismic investigation
1.3.1 Sensors used in landslide monitoring
1.3.2 Network geometry
1.3.3 MS processing chains
1.3.4 Instrumented sites
1.4 Data
1.5 Methodology
1.6 Seismic description of the signals – typology
1.6.1 Rockfall (RF)
1.6.2 Granular Flow (GF)
1.6.3 Slopequake (SQ)
1.7 Discussion
1.8 Conclusions
2 Classification of seismic signals for the automated creation of seismicity catalogs
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Data
2.3 Methods
2.4 Results
2.5 Discussion and conclusion
2.6 Appendix: Analysis of the classification uncertainty
3 Location of seismic signals for understanding the landslide deformation pattern
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Study site: the Super-Sauze landslide
3.3 Data: geophysical structure of the landslide and seismological observations
3.3.1 Geophysical structure of the landslide: P-wave seismicmodel
3.3.2 Micro-seismic monitoring and seismic signal description
3.4 Method: APOLoc, Automatic Picking Optimization and Location
3.4.1 Initial location with signal amplitude analysis
3.4.2 Initial picking of the signal onset
3.4.3 Location procedure
3.4.4 Iterative improvement of the picking time
3.4.5 Error estimation
3.5 Results
3.5.1 Validation of APOLoc
3.5.2 Influence of the velocity model
3.5.3 Comparison to other location approaches
3.6 Discussion
3.6.1 Relevance of APOLoc for landslide endogenous sources
3.6.2 Estimation of the depth of the sources
3.6.3 Estimation of the attenuation coefficient
3.7 Conclusion
3.8 Appendix A
3.8.1 Sensitivity analysis: location accuracy vs. seismic velocity models and picking errors
4 Application: Landslide deformation pattern of clayey landslides
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Study site
4.3 Observation data
4.3.1 Seismological observations
4.3.2 Surface displacement monitoring
4.3.3 Hydro-meteorological monitoring
4.4 Methodology
4.4.1 Seismic processing
4.5 Results
4.5.1 Quality of the seismicity catalog
4.5.2 Analysis of the temporal pattern of seismic sources, hydro-meteorological forcings and motion
4.5.3 Analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of seismic sources
4.6 Discussion
4.7 Conclusion
5 Conclusion and perspectives
5.1 General conclusion
5.2 Perspectives
Bibliography
