user1
Get Complete Project Material File(s) Now! »
THEMATIC BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The protection of populations at risk is an historical concern of the international community and is addressed in various legal documents and customary provisions. Article 24 of the United Nations (UN) Charter bestows pivotal responsibility on the United Nations Security Council to preside over the maintenance of international peace and security, and the Charter also recognises the legitimate, if ancillary, role of regional organisations. In the course of the evolution of international humanitarian law (IHL), the discourse is informed by the international community’s adherence to legal obligations under human rights covenants and treaties, the evolution of municipal law, and the developing practices of states, regional organisations, and the UN Security Council itself.
Chapter 2: Theoretical Evolution of the Humanitarian Intervention Regime
This chapter will trace the evolution of the humanitarian intervention regime and explore how the debate has unfolded within the discipline of international relations (IR). The conceptualisation ofhumanitarian intervention will be proffered from various theoretical perspectives, notably its accommodation within the new human security paradigm that increasingly impacts on international law. Ethical, legal and political justification for humanitarian intervention will be discussed against the backdrop of the practical and theoretical obstacles faced by proponents of humanitarian intervention.
Chapter 3: The ‘Responsibility to Protect’ — A Normative Continuum
This chapter will investigate the most recent theoretical contribution to the humanitarian intervention discourse, namely the RtoP concept. Conceptual, institutional and practical progress in making the RtoP part of a normative international regime will be contextualised by examining the institutionalisation of the principle at the global level and, more specifically, at the regional level (the African continent). More importantly, this chapter will provide the primary theoretical framework for subsequent analyses of the two case studies.
Chapter 4: Application of the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ — The Case of Zimbabwe
This chapter will focus on the anatomy of the humanitarian crisis in Zimbabwe in order to assess whether the three RtoP pillars were applicable. An assessment of regional, continental and international crisis-response mechanisms will be undertaken in order to compile a comprehensive ‘inventory’ of international responses that were guided by RtoP principles.
Chapter 5: Application of the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ — The Case of Darfur
This chapter will commence with a critical analysis of the origins, scope and nature of the crisis in Darfur in order to assess whether or not the crisis justified invoking RtoP principles. A comprehensive ‘inventory’ of regional, continental and international responses to this crisis will be compiled, as viewed through the theoretical prism of the RtoP norm.
Chapter 6: A Summative Evaluation of the RtoP Prevention, Reaction and Rebuilding Tools Utilised in the Cases of Zimbabwe and Darfur.
The objective of this chapter will be to provide a summative analysis of the two cases and to make deductions and inferences from the extent to which RtoP principles have been operationalised in both. As an analytical tool, the RtoP ‘Toolbox’ of Gareth Evans will be utilised, and the effectiveness of various ‘tools’ in the operationalisation of, respectively, the Responsibility to Prevent, the Responsibility to React, and the Responsibility to Rebuild, will be analysed and evaluated.
Chapter 7: Conclusion
In this chapter, the initial research propositions of the study will be revisited. The findings of the substantive chapters will be synthesised, and the summative conclusions will be applied to the original research questions. Shortcomings and gaps in the application of the RtoP will be identified with a view to make recommendations that may strengthen the norm and assist with its operationalisation. This concluding chapter will also offer recommendations for complementary and future academic research into the main and secondary themes of the study.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 THEMATIC BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.2 Preliminary Literature Overview
1.2.1 The Humanitarian Intervention Discourse
1.2.2 The Discourse on the RtoP’s Conceptual Development
1.2.3 Research on the Humanitarian Crisis in Zimbabwe
1.2.4 Research on the Humanitarian Crisis in Darfur
1.2.5 Situating the Study within the Context of Existing Literature.3 Formulation of Research Problem
1.4 Research Methodology
CHAPTER TWO THEORETICAL EVOLUTION OF THE HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION REGIME
2.2 Pre-20th Century Thinking on Humanitarian Intervention
2.3 Humanitarian Intervention in Early 20th Century and the Inter-War Period
CHAPTER THREE THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT: A NORMATIVE CONTINUUM
3.2 Conceptual Roots of the RtoP Discourse: An African Genesis
3.3 Conceptualisation of the RtoP by the ICISS
3.4 Global Endorsement of the RtoP by the 2005 World Summit
3.5 The Conceptual Development of the RtoP since the Summit
CHAPTER FOUR APPLICATION OF THE ‘RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT’: THE CASE OF ZIMBABWE
4.2 Evolution of the Humanitarian Crisis in Zimbabwe
4.2.1The Genesis of the Crisis: Pre-2000
4.2.2 The Crisis Decade
4.2.3 An Holistic Human Security Perspective on the Crisis
CHAPTER FIVE APPLICATION OF THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT:THE CASE OF DARFUR
5.2 Background to the Darfur crisis
5.2.1 The roots of the conflict: ethnicity and the politics of marginalization
5.2.2 Escalation of the crisis and the Sudanese Government’s responses
5.2.3 Impact of the North-South CPA on the Crisis in Darfur
5.3 An Holistic Human security perspective on the crisis
5.4 The International Community’s response to the Darfur Crisis
CHAPTER SIX:SUMMATIVE EVALUATION OF THE RtoP ‘PREVENTION’,’REACTION’ AND ‘REBUILDING’ TOOLS USED IN THE CASES OF ZIMBABWE AND DARFUR
6.2 The ‘responsibility to prevent’
6.2.1 Political and Diplomatic Tools
6.2.2 Economic and Social Tools
6.2.3 Constitutional and Legal Tools
6.2.4 Security-Sector Tools
CHAPTER SEVEN
7.2 Overview of the Research and Key Findings
7.3 A Summative Conclusion to the Research Problem
7.4 Challenges Experienced in the Course in the Course of the Research, and Recommendations regarding Further Research 7.5 Concluding Remarks
