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Risks involved in migration
Many people who migrate find it difficult to acquire required documents that may allow them to reside in foreign land. There are some requirements that one has to meet before he or she crosses the boarder. The migrants may also find it extremely difficult to go to some of the countries of their dreams, due to some immigration restrictions of those countries.
The conditions in which the migrants live in may not allow them to support themselves and their families. Their inability forces them to take the risk of crossing the boarders illegallyor as irregular migrants. An irregular migrant is a person who lives or works abroad without the correct documents. The illegal and irregular migrants face the risk of exploitation and mistreatment, deportation and dangerous discrimination such as the 2008 xenophobic wave of attack by the South Africans to foreigners where some foreigners lost their lives.
Therefore, most of these people will either have fake documents or be doing a different job than that which is specified in the work permit. As a result, the illegal immigrant’s stay in these countries restricts their movements and activities.
Migration has negative aspects to a nation because of the movement of professionals and skilled workers to neighboring and overseas countries. While the effects of migration are many, the author seeks to focus on how migration by African fathers has created a vacuum in the bringing up of an African adolescent male in Zimbabwe.
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
1.1.2 Justification for targeting adolescent males
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.4 THE AIMS OF THE STUDY
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.6 ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE STUDY
1.7 LIMITATIONS AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
1.8.0 DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TERMS
1.8.1 Attachmen
1.8.2 Culture
1.8.3 Child abuse
1.8.4 Neglect
1.8.5 Trauma
1.8.6 Migration
1.8.7 Motivations for migration
1.8.8 Risks involved in migration
1.8.9 Validity
1.8.10 Reliability
1.8.11 Random sampling
1.8.12 Social Integration
1.8.13 Identity Confusion
1.8.14 Superego
1.8.15 the Developmental Stages of Children
1.8.16 Infancy period
1.8.17 Middle Childhood period
1.8.18 Adolescence
1.8.19 Minister
1.8.20 Steward
1.9.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
1.10 RESEARCH GAP
1:11 CHAPTER OUTLINES
1:12 Preliminary conclusion
CHAPTER TWO RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
2.1 Introduction
2.2 AN EMPIRICAL RESEARCH DESIGN
2.2.1 Quantitative Research
2.2.2 Qualitative Research
2.2.3 A Survey Design
2.3 WHAT IS A THEORY
2:3:1 The Function of theory in a research
2:4 THE ROLE OF PRACTICAL THEOLOGY THEORY
2:5 THEORY AND ACTION
2:5.1 The Mediation of the Christian faith (Praxis 1)
2:5.2 The praxis of modern society (Praxis 2)
2:6 THE ROLE OF PRACTICAL THEOLOGY
2:6.1 Pastoral Care as a discipline of Practical Theology
2:7 A PASTORAL CARE METHODOLOG
2:8 THE PASTOR AS A SHEPHERD
2:9 STAGES OF FAITH DEVELOPMENT– (James Fowler 198)
Stage 1. Intuitive – Projective faith (early Childhood)
Stage 2 Mythical – Literal faith (middle and late Childhood)
Stage 3. Synthetic-Conventional faith
Stage 4. Individuative –reflective faith
Stage 5. Conjuctive Faith (Middle adulthood)
Stage 6 .Universalizing faith (Middle adulthood late adulthood)
2.10 A NARRATIVE ATTACHMENT THEORY- APPROACH
2.11 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.11.1 Co – researcher
2.11.2 The use and benefits of Interviews
2.11.3 Pilot test
2.11.4 Acknowledgement of interdisciplinarity
2.11.5 Positive self regard for the co- researcher
2.11.6 Random sampling
2.11.7 Executing the Sampling Process
2.11.8 Challenges encountered
2.12.0 Scoring
2.12.1 Instrument used
2.12.2 Data analysis
2.13 Preliminary conclusion
CHAPTER THREE UNDERSTANDING ADOLESCENT GROWTH PROCESS
3.1 Introduction
3.2 A PARADIGM SHIFT IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
3.3 A BIBLICAL PERSPECTIVE ON ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT
3.4 A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT
3.5 THE DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES THROUGH ADOLSCENCE
3.6 DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN ADOLESCENCE
3.7 IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT IN ADOLESCENCE
3.8 AN AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE ON PERSONAL IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT
3.9 THE CHALLENGES OF CHANGING TIMES
3.10 LACK OF DISCIPLINE LEADS TO IDENTITY CONFUSION IN ADOLESCENTS
3.11 THE NUMBER ONE ENEMY IN OUR MIDST
3.12 A SEARCH FOR IDENTITY MADE DIFFICULT
3.13 THE NEGLECTED ROLES, LOST SONS
3.14 Preliminary conclusion
CHAPTER FOUR THE ROLE AND IMPACT OF A FATHER TOWARDS HIS SONS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 PARENTS: A SACRED REALITY TO CHILDREN
4.3 FATHER AND FATHERHOOD
4.3.1 Father
4.3.2 The role of a father
4.3.3 Fatherhood
4.4 THE CONDITIONS IN ZIMBABWE THAT FORCED MEN TO MIGRATE
4.4.1 Political events
4.4.2 Social conditions
4.5 ABSENT FATHER
4.6 WHY FATHERS ARE IMPORTANT
4.7 SONS AND THE MEDIA
4.8 Preliminary conclusion
CHAPTER FIVE CONFRONTING ABSENCE THROUGH STORYTELLING
5.1 Introduction
5.2 ENGAGING BOYS IN STORYTELLING
5.3 CHALLENGES OF AFRICAN CONCEPTS IN SOCIALISING BOYS
5.7 SHARING OF FEELINGS WITH FRIENDS ABOUT ABSENCE
5.8 LIVING WITH SHAME DUE TO ABSENT FATHER
5.9 CONTRADITORY MESSAGES IN THE CARING COMMUNITY
5.10 BOYS: Absorbed into feminine energy and power
5.11 LOSS OF ACCESS TO MALENESS
5.12 GROUP DISCUSSIONS
5.13 OBSERVATIONS ON THE ABSENCE OF FATHERS
5.14 LIVING IN A RISKY ENVIRONMENT
5.15 Preliminary conclusion
CHAPTER SIX A PASTORAL CARE MODEL OF CARING FOR ADOLESCENTS
