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Table of contents
Chapter I. General introduction: Life cycle assessment and sustainable development
I.1. Sustainable development: finding the balance towards the Earth
I.1.1. Environmental sustainability
I.2. Life cycle assessment for sustainability assessment
I.2.1. Goal and scope definition
I.2.2. Life Cycle Inventory
I.2.3. Life Cycle Impact Assessment
I.2.4. Interpretation step
I.2.5. Some limitations of the LCA method
I.3. Temporal consideration in LCA
I.3.1. Dynamic Life Cycle Inventory
I.3.2. Dynamic Life Cycle Impact Assessment
I.4. Research objectives
I.4.1. Thesis outline
Chapter II. Dynamic Life Cycle Inventory: temporal database for dynamic processes
II.1. Introduction
II.2. Method
II.2.1. Temporal LCI model and DyPLCA tool
II.2.2. Development of a temporal database
II.3. Results and discussions
II.3.1. Database adaptation for chemical and bio-processes
II.3.2. Exceptions in DyPLCA model
II.4. Conclusions
Chapter III. A dynamic approach for Climate Change impact
III.1. Introduction
III.2. Method
III.2.1. Modelling of GHG behaviour and effects
III.2.2. Conventional assessment and metrics
III.2.3. Time consideration in climate change impact
III.3. Results and discussion
III.4. Method conclusion
Case study: Environmental assessment of bioenergy production from microalgae based systems
III.5. Introduction
III.6. Methodology
III.6.1. Bioenergy production systems
III.6.2. Energy balance and analysis
III.6.3. Life Cycle Assessment
III.6.4. Dynamic LCA – climate change
III.6.5. Process description
III.7. Results and discussion
III.7.1. Energy balance and analysis
III.7.2. Life Cycle Assessment
III.7.3. Dynamic LCA – climate change
III.8. Case study conclusion
Chapter IV. A dynamic approach for Toxicity impact categories Operational integration of time dependent toxicity impact category in dynamic LCA
IV.1. Introduction
IV.2. Method
IV.2.1. Toxicity Impact Assessment – USEtox® method
IV.2.2. Time consideration in toxicity impact assessment
IV.2.3. Integration in a Dynamic LCA framework – DyPLCA
IV.3. Results and Discussion
IV.3.1. Discussion of the dynamic toxicity approach
IV.3.2. Testbed case results
IV.4. Conclusions
Chapter V. Dynamic LCA: Framework and sensitivity analysis Sensitivity analysis of temporal parameters in a dynamic LCA framework
V.1. Introduction
V.2. Methods
V.2.1. Dynamic LCA framework
V.3. Case study
V.3.1. Sensitivity analysis
V.4. Results and discussion
V.4.1. Influence of the dynamic LCI profile and the time span of the impact calculation
V.4.2. Influence of the time step of the dynamic impact model resolution
V.5. Conclusion
Case study: French electricity mix for the period between 2010 and 2070
V.6. Introduction
V.7. Case study: French electricity mix for a sustainable future
V.7.1. Goal and scope definition
V.7.2. LCI
V.7.3. Dynamic LCI
V.7.4. LCIA
V.8. Results and discussions
V.8.1. Inventory
V.8.2. Climate change assessment
V.8.3. Toxicity assessment
V.9. Case study conclusions
Chapter VI. Conclusions and perspectives
References
