Biogeochemical characteristics of water masses

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Table of contents

1. Table des matières
1 CHAPITRE 1 : Introduction générale
1.1. La Méditerranée – Généralités
1.2. Objectifs de la thèse
1.3. Structure du manuscrit
2 CHAPITRE 2 : Description hydrodynamique
2.1. Description géographique des divers bassins
2.2. Structure verticale des masses d’eau
2.3. Circulation océanique en Méditerranée
2.4. La convection profonde
3 CHAPITRE 3 : Interaction entre dynamique et biogénèse
3.1. Les sels nutritifs
3.1.1 Les échanges des sels nutritifs
3.1.2 Impact du mélange sur les échanges verticaux de sels nutritifs
3.1.3 Enrichissement de surface par la convection profonde
3.2. La couche de mélange et le cycle de la chlorophylle
4 CHAPITRE 4 : Méthodologie
4.1. Etat de l’art sur la modélisation couplée physique biogéochimie en Mer Méditerranée
4.2. Les modèles couplés physique-biogéochimie
4.2.1 Les champs physiques
4.2.2 Le modèle biogéochimique (Eco3m-S)
4.2.3 Le couplage physique-biogéochimie
4.3. Les grilles de calcul
4.3.1 La grille à l’échelle du bassin méditerranéen
4.3.2 La grille du bassin occidental
5 CHAPITRE 5 : Résultats
1. Introduction Biogeochemical cycles of the Mediterranean Sea: climatologies and budget
2. Methodology
2.1. The physical model
2.2. The biogeochemical model
2.3. Implementation on the Mediterranean basin
2.3.1. Biological boundary conditions
2.3.2. Initialization and spin up
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Evaluation of the model
3.1.1. Surface chlorophyll
3.1.2. Biogeochemical characteristics of water masses
3.2. Climatology
3.2.1 Mixed layer depth
3.2.2 Depth and magnitude of the Deep Chlorophyll Maximum (DCM)
3.2.3. Nutriclines
3.2.4. Net primary production (NPP)
3.2.5. Organic carbon export
3.3. Main pelagic ecological regimes of the Mediterranean Sea
3.3.1. Bloom like regime (group 1)
3.3.2. No-bloom regime of the western basin (group 3)
3.3.3. No-bloom regimes of the eastern basin (groups 4, 5, 6)
3.3.4. The Intermittent/Intermediate regime (group 2)
3.4. Nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in the Mediterranean Sea
3.4.1. Biogeochemical processes
3.4.2. Fluxes at the straits
3.4.3. The global budget
4. Conclusion and perspectives
1. Introduction : Nitrogen and phosphorus cycles in the western Mediterranean Sea using high resolution modeling: Processes and budget
2. Method
2.1. Observations
2.2. Modelling
2.2.1. Hydrodynamics
2.2.2. Biogeochemistry
2.2.3. Initial and boundary conditions
2.2.4. Derived variables
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Evaluation of the simulation
3.1.1. Surface chlorophyll
3.1.2. Horizontal and vertical biogeochemical patterns in winter and spring
3.1.3. Variability between April and September 2013
3.1.4. Annual cycle of the nutrients stocks
3.2. Atmospheric forcing and hydrology
3.3. Consequences of hydrological variability on biogeochemical processes and stoichiometry
3.3.1. Autumn
3.3.2. Winter
3.3.3. Spring
3.3.4. Summer
3.4. Budget of the nitrogen and phosphorus in the northwestern Mediterranean basin
4. Conclusion
Appendix – Model parameters
5. References
2. Introduction Phytoplankton dynamics and biogeochemical fluxes in the western Mediterranean Sea using a 3D physical/biogeochemical coupled model
3. Methods
3.1. The hydrodynamic model
3.2. The biogeochemical model
3.3. Areas of study
3.4. MODIS satellite dataset
3.5. Determination of the bloom onset
3.6. Calculation of the F-ratio
4. Model evaluation
5. Results and discussion
5.1. Atmospheric conditions
5.2. Vertical mixing and chlorophyll concentration
4.2.1. The Northern Gyre
4.2.2. The shallow convection area
4.2.3. The stratified region
5.3. Conditions at the onsets of the phytoplankton efflorescence
5.4. Primary production
5.5. Particulate organic carbon export
4.6 The trophic regimes
6. Conclusion
7. References
8. Bibliographie supplémentaire
6 Annexes