Ethical principles regarding protection of human rights

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CHAPTER 2 .LITERATURE REVIEW

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents a review of relevant literature dealing with the chosen topic in order to check what has already being done and what still needs to be done in the area of study. The chapter provides an overview of current knowledge of the problem under study. Various viewpoints were taken into account and only articles relevant to the problem were cited and commented upon. For this study, the purpose, development, framework, processes and implementation of the ILO Code of Practice (ILO, 2001) form the basic framework for the literature study. Moreover, the SADC Code is described, as well as the Namibian legislation in terms of HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS, 2000b:42-50)

PURPOSE OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW

The literature review forms a vital role in the research study and this is supported by Welman, Kruger & Mitchell, (2005:38) who explain that prospective researchers should acquaint themselves on a particular topic before they start planning their own study. According to Brink (2006:67) literature refers to the sources that are effective in providing the in-depth knowledge of the topic, an update on the latest developments in the field of study at national and international levels and the identification of specific challenges in the field of study as well as with regards to the research methodology.Henslin (1999:36) also states that a literature review involves reviewing what has been written on the topic as this can stir ideas and help sharpen questions that the researcher might have. For the purposes of this study, the literature review was conducted for the researcher develops an in-depth understanding and knowledge of the topic under study. Apart from getting written sources relevant to the topic under study, the literature review also helped the researcher to refine certain parts of the problem statement, design and data analysis process.

LITERATURE REVIEWED ON HIV/AIDS WORKPLACE POLICIES AND LEGISLATION FRAMEWORK GOVERNING THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

2.3.1 The value of HIV/AIDS workplace policies
With prevalent rates over 20% in many sub-Saharan countries, and with infections rising so rapidly in many other regions, organizations are increasingly finding that HIV/AIDS is affecting their expenditures (as shown in Figure 1 on page 15). As a result, addressing HIV/AIDS in the workplace is becoming a priority for governments, commercial sector and non-governmental organizations (United Kingdom Consortium on AIDS and International Development, 2003:2).Moreover, a workplace policy on HIV/AIDS defines an organization’s position and practices for preventing the transmission for HIV and for handling cases of HIV infection or AIDS amongst employees (United Kingdom Consortium on AIDS and International Development, 2003:2).

Declaration 

Acknowledgements 
Abstract 
Table of contents 
List of tables
List of figures 
Abbreviations
CHAPTER 1: ORIENTATION TO THE STUDY 
1.1 Introduction 
1.2 Background and statement of the study problem 
1.3 Aim of the study 
1.4 Study objectives 
1.5 Assumptions underlying the study 
1.6 Significance of the study 
1.7 Conceptual framework of the study
1.8 Definition of key concepts 
1.9 Overview of the study approach and methods
1.9.1 Research design
1.9.2 Study population
1.9.3 Sampling
1.9.4 Data collection
1.9.5 Data analysis
1.10 Validity and reliability 
1.10.1 Validity and reliability of the sample
1.10.2 Validity and reliability of the data collection process
1.10.3 Validity and reliability of data analysis
1.11 Ethical considerations 
1.12 Limitations of the study 
1.13 Structure of the study report 
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction 
2.2 Purpose of the literature review 
2.3 Literature reviewed on HIV/AIDS workplace policies and legislation framework governing the development process 
2.3.1 The value of HIV/AIDS workplace policies
2.3.2 Types of employer policies
2.3.3 Basic principles of HIV/AIDS policies
2.3.4 Developing HIV/AIDS workplace policies
2.3.5 Steps in developing a HIV/AIDS policy
2.4 Summary 
CHAPTER 3: STUDY DESIGN AND METHOD 
3.1 Introduction 
3.2 Context of the study 
3.3 Study design 
3.4 Study Method 
3.4.1 Study population
3.4.2 Sampling
3.4.3 Data collection
3.4.4 Data analysis
3.5 Validity and reliability 
3.6 Ethical considerations 
3.6.1 Ethical principles regarding protection of human rights
3.6.2 Permission from formal gatekeepers
3.7 Summary
CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION OF DATA
4.1 Introduction 
4.2 Characteristics of the sample 
4.3 Discussion of findings 
4.3.1 The development process of the two HIV/AIDS workplace
policies
4.3.2 Compliance of the HIV/AIDS policies with the ILO Code of
Practice
4.3.3 Findings from the analysis and compliance with the ILO Code of Practice
4.4 Summary 
CHAPTER 5: FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS, LIMITATIONS AND SUMMARY 
5.1 Introduction 
5.2 Findings 
5.3 Recommendations on the development process of HIV/AIDS Workplace policies
5.4 Limitations
Summary 
LIST OF REFERENCES 
APPENDICES 
Appendix A: Sample of the questionnaire
Appendix B: Sample of the letter of permission
Appendix C: Sample of participant consent form

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