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Table of contents
INTRODUCTION
Motivation
The domain under focus
Theoretical framework, purpose and methodology
Research questions
Outline of the thesis
1. Description of the domain: cork
1.1. Motivation
1.2. The choice of the sub-domain
1.3. Cork bark – an ancient raw material
1.3.1. Some historical facts in the international context
1.3.2. Portuguese cork history in a nutshell
1.4. The Mediterranean endemic cork oak tree
1.4.1. The cork oak bark
1.4.1.1. The layered structure of cork bark
1.5. Cork oak forests
1.5.1. The Portuguese forest
1.6. Cork oak landscapes in Portugal: the montados
1.7. Cork production – an economic asset
1.8. The three subsectors of the industry of cork
1.8.1. From the forest to the bottle – a short overview of a natural cork stopper’s journey 32
1.8.2. The transformation subsector
1.8.2.1. The quality of the cork bark after boiling
1.8.3. Cork stoppers – a product from the transformation sub-sector
1.8.3.1. In the line of manufacturing natural cork stoppers
1.8.3.2. In the line of manufacturing agglomerated cork stoppers
1.8.3.3. Natural cork discs
1.8.4. Cork stopper typology
1.8.5. The quality of cork stoppers
1.8.5.1. The classification of cork stoppers
1.8.5.2. TCA, the chemical compound 2,4,6 – Trichloroanisole
1.8.6. Standardisation in the scope of the manufacture of stoppers
1.8.7. ISO: International Organisation for Standardization; ISO / TC87 – Cork
2. Corpus
2.1. Corpus definition
2.2. Sinclair’s definition
2.3. Pearson’s choice: McEnery and Wilson’s definition
2.4. McEnery and Wilson’s definition
2.5. Baker, et al. definition
2.6. Costa’s definition: specialised corpus
2.7. An overview of pioneering studies in Corpus Linguistics
2.8. Terminology and corpora
2.9. Criteria for corpus design
2.9.1. Four main criteria for corpus building
2.9.2. Machine-readable
2.9.3. Size
2.9.4. Sampling
2.9.5. Balance
2.9.6. Internal and external criteria
2.9.6.1. The broad external criteria
2.9.6.2. The broad internal criteria
3. TermCork: A corpus-based research to perceive domain-specific concepts
3.1. Domain-specific corpus: purpose and design
3.1.1. Corpus criteria design: text type, format and publication date
3.1.2. The communicative setting
3.1.3. The language eligibility criteria
3.1.4. Composition of the text collection, written in Portuguese
3.2. The corpus of analysis
3.2.1. Composition of the multilingual text collection
3.2.1.1. Multimodal corpora
3.3. Corpus management
3.4. Corpus processing
3.4.1. Querying the corpus with CQL
3.5. Ten (10) definitions to organise a typology of cork stoppers
4. Definition
4.1. Intensional definition
4.1.1. Essential characteristics
4.1.2. Differential characteristics
4.1.3. Descriptive characteristics
4.2. Analysis and representation of textual definitions
4.2.1. Linguistic analysis of Definition 1
4.2.2. Linguistic analysis of Definition 2
4.2.3. Linguistic analysis of Definition 3
4.2.4. Linguistic analysis of Definition 4
4.3. The relevance of lexical markers for modelling special knowledge information
5. Conceptual analysis
5.1. Conceptual analysis of Definition 1
5.1.1. Function, parts and substance
5.2. Conceptual analysis of Definition 2
5.2.1. Complementary information found in Definition 2
5.3. Conceptual analysis of Definition 3
5.4. Conceptual analysis of Definition 4
5.5. A brief overview
6. Building the ontology
6.1. From CmapTools to Protégé – Definition 1: <Stopper>
6.2. The formal description and annotations of CorkStopper in Protégé
6.2.1. The description of <NaturalCorkStopper> in Protégé
6.2.2. The description of <MonoPieceNaturalCorkStopper> in Protégé
6.3. Finishing processes
6.3.1. Finishing process or not: a differential characteristic modelled with complex axioms
6.3.2. The Boolean operators “or” and “not” to express the manufacturing stage
6.3.3. Semi-manufacturedCorkStopper, the goal of the operator “not”
6.3.4. The Boolean operators and the plurality of syntaxes to express them
6.3.5. The extension of FinishingProcesses
6.3.5.1. Systematisation of concepts falling under the category of FinishingProcesses
6.3.6. A competency question to validate the systematisation: what is an InkMarkingOperation?
6.3.7. What is a CorkStopper with FinishingProcesses?
6.3.7.1. Description of Semi-finishedStopper in Protégé
6.3.7.2. An example of <Semi-finishedStopper> classification
6.3.8. Description of the concept FinishedStopper
6.3.8.1. An example of FinishedStopper
6.4. Hierarchical systematisation of the associative relations to relate CorkStopper and FinishingProcesses
6.4.1. Domain and range of the relation hasShapeElementEdge
6.4.2. Ontological triples: a kind of declarative assertions
6.4.3. Classification of two instances as Semi-finishedStopper
6.5. Additional information to the definition: the case of the “technical cork stopper N+N”
6.5.1. Descriptive characteristics
6.6. Some remarks: the long name of concepts
6.7. Some conclusions
CONCLUSION
Overall remarks
Some insights
Future work
BIBLIOGRAPHY
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
ANNEXES
