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Table of contents
1 Understanding the structure of the stable boundary layer flow in valleys and its simulation
1.1 Atmosphere: basics, scales, and formulas.
Different scales of the atmosphere
Atmospheric stability
Turbulence
Surface energy exchanges
Governing equations of atmospheric flows
1.2 Boundary layers
Boundary-layer lifecycle
Vertical profile and depth
The surface layer
Processes and evolution of the nocturnal and stable boundary layer
1.3 Effects of topography on air flow
Thermally-induced slope flows
Valley flows
Classification of different types of valley flow systems
Froude Number
Various origins of valley flows
Measurement campaigns on stable boundary layer flows
1.4 Weather simulation strategies
The Weather Research Forecasting model
Known uncertainties with WRF
Fine resolution runs
2 Presentation and analysis of field campaigns in the Cadarache region
2.1 Site description and typical winds
Topography
Typical weather conditions
Relevant field campaigns in Southern France
2.2 KASCADE field campaigns and major findings
Instrumentation layout of the KASCADEs
KASCADE-2013: the vertical structure over Cadarache Valley
KASCADE-2017: spatial investigation of the Cadarache Valley
KASCADE Intensive observation periods
2.3 Supplementary analyses of KASCADE data
Determining typical stable situations in the CV
KAS13 filters applied on KAS17
Length scale statistics of KAS17
SODAR wind profiles during IOPs and their typical patterns
2.4 Existing calculation methods for the local valley winds
WRF simulations
Nowcasting with GBA threshold values
Artificial Neural Network
Limitations
2.5 Chapter summary
3 Land cover in simulation: creation, evaluation, and illustration with two cases in the Durance Valley
3.1 Summary of the article
3.2 Article
3.3 Additional analyses of KAS13-IOP16
3.3.1 Daytime metrics
3.3.2 Nighttime metrics
3.4 Eleven-day simulation analyses
3.4.1 Period description
3.4.2 Complete simulation analysis
3.4.3 Day- and Nighttime metrics
3.5 Conclusions
4 Evaluation of a fine-resolution simulations over the Cadarache and neighboring valleys
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Summary of the article
4.3 Article
4.4 Additional analyses
4.4.1 Structures and flows within the CV
4.4.2 Analyses of wind outside of the CV
4.5 Summary of Chapter 4
5 Transport and dispersion of passive tracers in the fine resolution simulation over the Cadarache
Valley and neighboring valleys
5.1 Background on tracers
What are tracers
Numerical tracer release in weather models
5.2 Tracer set-up
Locations
Magnitude of tracer releases
Timing
5.3 Results
Cadarache valley tracers
Durance Valley
Abéou Valley
Verdon Valley
5.4 Discussion
5.5 Conclusion and prospects
Conclusion
Prospects
General Conclusion and prospects
