THE ROLE OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN POLICE SERVICE (SAPS) AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN CRIME PREVENTION

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The Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) 1 of 1999

The Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) no.1 of 1999 regulates management in the national and provincial governments; to ensure that all revenue, expenditure, assets and liabilities of these governments are managed efficiently and effectively; to provide for the responsibilities of persons entrusted with financial management in those governments; and to provide for matters connected therewith. This document defines fruitless and wasteful expenditure as means of expenses which were made in vain and would have been avoided had reasonable care been exercised. Financial misconduct of government budget may lead to criminal proceedings with penalties or imprisonment (PFMA, 1999:66).
The participation between Local Government and the SAPS to address crime in Drakenstein, Stellenbosch and Breede Valley municipal areas should have an impact on the safety and security of all residents. If not, then these attempts to combat crime are inefficient and will be regarded as fruitless expenses on government annual budgets. Throughout Local Government Municipal Finance Management Act 56 of 2003 reference is made of the Public Finance Management Act (1999). In terms of section 2 of the Municipal Finance Management Act, its objective is to secure sound and sustainable management of the financial affairs of municipalities.
According to Craythorne (2006:248), one of the aims of this Act is to establish norms and standards for budgetary and financial planning processes and the coordination of those processes with the processes of other spheres of government organisations. This Act makes provision for Local Government to financially integrate with SAPS regarding crime prevention by means of supply chain management. Ganeshan and Harrison (as quoted by Chopra, 2009:3) define supply chain management as “the networks of companies that work together and coordinate their actions”.

Integrated Development Plans (IDPs)

Local municipalities in South Africa have to use „integrated development planning‟ as a method to plan future development in their areas. An Integrated Development Plan (IDP) is a super plan for an area that gives an overall framework for development. It aims to coordinate the work of local and other spheres of government in a coherent plan to improve the quality of life for all the people living in an area. It should take into account the existing conditions and problems and resources available for development. The plan should look at economic and social development for the area as a whole. It must set a framework for how land should be used, what infrastructure and services are needed and how the environment should be protected.
All municipalities have to produce an IDP. The municipality is responsible for the coordination of the IDP and must draw in other stakeholders in the area who can impact on and/or benefit from development in the area. The White Paper on Local Government (1998:24) proclaims that one of the most important methods for achieving greater coordination and integration is integrated development planning.
This White Paper further declares that the IDP provides powerful tools for Local Government to facilitate integrated and coordinated programmes in ensuring improved quality of life for its citizens. Once the IDP is drawn up all municipal planning and projects should happen in terms of the IDP. The annual council budget should be based on the IDP.
Other government departments working in the area should take the IDP into account when making their own plans. The IDP is reviewed every year and necessary changes can be made. The IDP is based on community needs and priorities. Communities have the chance to participate in identifying their most important needs. Many government services are delivered by provincial and national government departments at local level − for example: police stations, clinics and schools. Municipalities must take into account the programmes and policies of these departments.
The departments should participate in the IDP process so that they can be guided how to use their resources to address local needs. According to Craythorne (2006:146), the Constitution implies that a municipality must practice integrated development planning that requires a municipality to structure and manage its administration, budgeting and planning processes to give priority to the basic needs of the community. Integrated development planning is a process by which municipalities prepare five-year strategic plans that are reviewed annually in discussion with all role-players.
The aim is to achieve service-delivery and develop goals in municipal areas in an effective and sustainable way. National and provincial sector departments, development agencies, private-sector bodies, non-governmental organisations (NGO‟s) and communities all have a key role to play in the preparation and implementation of municipal IDP‟s. The three Municipality‟s IDP documents of 2007 to 2011 were analysed to manifest their functions as key role-players in ensuring a safe and secure environment. This document is available on the internet and in their municipal libraries for anyone to peruse.

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CHAPTER 1: GENERAL ORIENTATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 RATIONALE OF RESEARCH
1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1.4 HYPOTHESES
1.5 RESEARCH DEMARCATION
1.5.1 Time frame
1.5.2 Geographical demarcation
1.5.3 Numerical demarcation
1.6 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED DURING RESEARCH
1.7 ORGANISATION OF THE THESIS
1.8 DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS
1.8.1 Crime prevention
1.8.2 Local Government
1.8.4 Crime combating
1.8.5 Safety and Security
1.8.6 Law and order
1.8.7 Partnership
1.8.8 Community Safety
1.8.9 Integrated Development Plan (IDP)
1.8.10 Partnership policin
CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 RESEARCH DESIGN
2.2.1 Advantages of a quantitative approach
2.2.2 Disadvantages of a quantitative approach
2.3 RESEARCH TECHNIQUES
2.3.1 Questionnaires and non-structured interviews
2.3.2 Use of non-structured interviews
2.3.3 Statistics
2.4 RESEARCH METHODS
2.4.1 Research instruments
2.4.1.1 Literature study
2.4.1.2 Survey method
2.5 POPULATION
2.5.1 Sample size
2.6 ANALYSIS
2.7 UTILIZATION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE
2.7.1 Profile of senior key role-players
2.7.2 Use of statistics
2.8 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
2.9 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 3: CRIME PREVENTIONISSUES
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 CONTROVERSY ON PARTICIPATION
3.3 POLICY FRAMEWORK
3.3.1 The National Crime Prevention Strategy (NCPS) of 1996
3.3.2 The White Paper on Safety and Security of 1998
3.3.3 The Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) 1 of 1999
3.3.4 Integrated Development Plans (IDPs)
3.3.4.1 Drakenstein Municipality
3.3.4.2 Stellenbosch Municipality
3.3.4.3 Breede Valley Municipality
3.3.5 The South African Police Service Strategic Plans
3.3.5.1 SAPS Strategic Plan 2005-2010
3.3.5.2 SAPS Strategic Plan 2010-2014
3.3.5.3 SAPS Annual Performance Plan 2010-2011
3.3.6 The Community Police Forum (CPF)
3.3.7 The Community Safety Forums (CSFs)
3.3.8 The National Drug Master Plan 2006-2011 (NDMP)
3.3.8.1 Local Government
3.3.8.2 The South African Police Service
3.3.9 The Survey Questionnaires
3.4 THE STATE OF COOPERATION BETWEEN PARTNERS
3.5 CONSEQUENCES OF PARTNERSHIPS
3.6 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 4: THE ROLE OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN POLICE SERVICE (SAPS) AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN CRIME PREVENTION
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 THE ROLE OF THE SAPS IN CRIME PREVENTION
4.3 THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN CRIME PREVENTION
4.4 GENERAL DISCUSSIONS ON THE ROLES OF THE SAPS A LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN CRIME PREVENTION
4.5 PRODUCTIVITY AND EXECUTION OF GROUNDWORK
4.6 PARTICIPATION OF ROLE-PLAYERS IN CRIME PREVENTION
4.7 THE ENFORCEMENT OF CRIME PREVENTION POLICIES
4.8 THE CRIME PREVENTION UNIT
4.9 PARTNERSHIPS AND CRIME PREVENTION
4.10 CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN (CPTED)
4.11 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 5: INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 THE ROLE OF POLICE IN CRIME PREVENTION
5.2.1 Botswana
5.2.2 Australia
5.2.3 England
5.2.4 The United States of America (USA)
5.2.5 New Zealand (NZ)
5.3 THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN CRIME PREVENTION
5.3.1 Botswana
5.3.2 Australia
5.3.3 Canada
5.3.4 England
5.3.5 The United States of America (USA)
5.3.6 New Zealand (NZ)
5.4 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 6: POLICING PRIORITY AND CRIME PREVENTION IN THE CAPE WINELANDS DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY
CHAPTER 7: FINDINGS
CHAPTER 8: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES