THE USE OF PLAY THERAPY MEDIUMS WITH CORPORATE EMPLOYEES

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INTRODUCTION

Stress is a reality that every person lives with. It has an effect on almost every aspect of a person’s life. Hardworking, dedicated executives and corporate employees must keep up with the pace that is expected of them. This causes a great amount of stress and stress in the workplace is one of the greatest issues with which organisations need to cope.

PROBLEM FORMULATION

Stress in the workplace is a reality. If it is left unattended, the impact could be to the detriment of the employee as well as the company. Hellriegel, Slocum and Woodman (2001:191) state the following regarding stress in the work place: One traditional school of thought is summed up by the notion that companies should basically ignore stress. Another school of thought suggests that companies should avoid offering stress management programmes to employees, for fear of law suits.

Objectives

• To conduct a literature study regarding stress management, play therapy mediums and corporate employees.
• To design a stress management programme using play therapy mediums to facilitate greater awareness amongst corporate employees regarding the effects of stress on their daily functioning, their health and job performance.
• To implement a stress management programme that will enable employees to manage their stress levels more effectively.
• To evaluate a stress management programme for corporate employees.
• To formulate conclusions and recommendations which will be based on the empirical findings obtained from the study.

RESEARCH QUESTION

The research question is the question that needs to be answered by the proposed research study. According to Grinnell (1988:436-437), there are a few aspects that need to be considered when writing a research question:
• A general question may not always precisely identify the variables which are the subject of the study.
• The general research question or specific hypotheses flow from prior components of the proposal.
• Our questions and components must also follow logically from the perspective and definitions provided by the literature review and conceptual framework.

1 INTRODUCTION TO THE RESEARCH PROCESS
1.1 TITLE
1.2 INTRODUCTION
1.3 MOTIVATION
1.4 PROBLEM FORMULATION
1.5 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.5.1 Aim
1.5.2 Objectives
1.6 RESEARCH QUESTION
1.7 HYPOTHESIS
1.8 RESEARCH APPROACH
1.9 TYPE OF RESEARCH
1.9.1 Applied Research
1.9.2 Intervention Research
1.10 RESEARCH DESIGN
1.11 RESEARCH PROCEDURE AND STRATEGY
1.11.1 Data Collection
1.12 PILOT STUDY
1.12.1 Literature Study
1.12.2 Consultation with Experts:
1.12.3 Feasibility of the Study
1.12.4 Testing of Questionnaires and Measuring Instruments:
1.13 DESCRIPTION OF THE UNIVERSE, POPULATION, SAMPLING AND SAMPLING METHODS
1.13.1 Universe
1.13.2 Population
1.13.3 Sample and Sampling Method
1.14 DEFINITION OF MAIN CONCEPTS
1.14.1 Play Therapy Mediums
1.14.2 Stress
1.14.3 Stress Management
1.14.4 Organisation
1.14.5 Corporate Employees
1.14.6 Gestalt Theory
1.14.7 Employee Assistance Programme
1.15 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
1.16 FRAMEWORK OF THE RESEARCH REPORT
2 THE USE OF THE GESTALT THEORY IN A STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 BACKGROUND TO THE GESTALT THEORY
2.3 DEFINING GESTALT
2.4 THEORETICAL CONCEPTS OF THE GESTALT THEORY
2.4.1 Awareness
2.4.2 Wholeness
2.4.3 Homeostasis
2.4.4 Unfinished Business
2.4.5 Here and Now
2.4.6 Figure-ground
2.5 CONTACT BOUNDARY DYSFUNCTION AND FRAGMENTATION
2.5.1 Contact Boundaries
2.5.2 Introjects
2.5.3 Projection
2.5.4 Retroflection
2.5.5 Confluence
2.5.6 Deflection
2.5.7 Resistance
2.5.8 Responsibility
2.5.9 Polarities
2.6 TECHNIQUES
2.6.1 I/Thou relationship
2.6.2 Sensory Contact
2.6.3 Breathing and Body Posture
2.6.4 Dream-work
2.6.5 Self Nurturing
2.7 CONCLUSION
3 THE EFFECT OF STRESS ON THE CORPORATE EMPLOYEE
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 DEFINING STRESS
3.3 POSITIVE STRESS
3.4 NEGATIVE STRESS
3.5 STRESS CYCLE
3.5.1 The Stress Cycle
3.5.2 Four way model
3.5.3 General Adaptation Syndrome
3.5.4 Transaction Model
3.6 EFFECT OF STRESS
3.6.1 The Physiology of Stress
3.6.2 Stress and Illness
3.7 SOURCES OF STRESS
3.7.1 Personality
3.7.2 Life Events
3.7.3 Occupational Stress
3.8 MANAGING STRESS AT WORK
3.8.1 Defining Stress Management
3.8.2 Stress management programme
3.9 CONCLUSION
4 THE USE OF PLAY THERAPY MEDIUMS WITH CORPORATE EMPLOYEES
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 DEFINING PLAY
4.3 HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF PLAY
4.4 THE VALUE OF PLAY THERAPY:
4.5 PLAY AS AN ADULT ACTIVITY
4.6 DIFFERENT PLAY THERAPY MEDIUMS
4.6.1 Creative Play
4.6.2 Relaxation Play
4.7 CONCLUSION
5 ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
5.2.1 What is an Organisation?
5.2.2 Defining Organisational Behaviour
5.3 BEHAVIOUR WITHIN THE ORGANISATION
5.4 INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR
5.4.1 Personality
5.4.2 Personality Traits
5.5 ATTITUDES
5.5.1 Attitude Components
5.5.2 Job Satisfaction
5.6 PERCEPTION
5.7 DECISION MAKING
5.8 MOTIVATION
5.8.1 Why do people work?
5.9 INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOUR
5.9.1 Communication
5.9.2 Defining Communication
5.9.3 Formal Communication Channels
5.9.4 Barriers to Communication
5.10 INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT
5.10.1 What are the Causes of Conflict?
5.10.2 Approaches to Conflict Resolution
5.10.3 Methods for managing conflict
5.11 LEADERSHIP
5.11.1 Defining Leadership
5.11.2 Traits of Leadership
5.11.3 Leadership Styles
5.12 ORGANISATIONAL PROCESSES
5.12.1 Organisational Culture
5.12.2 Organisational Change
5.12.3 Change can be Difficult
5.12.4 Change is a Social Process
5.12.5 Organisational Power
5.13 EMPLOYEE WELLNESS
5.14 CONCLUSION
6 EMPIRICAL PROCEDURES AND FINDINGS
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH
6.2.1 Aim of the Study
6.2.2 Objectives
6.3 RESEARCH QUESTION
6.4 HYPOTHESIS
6.5 RESEARCH APPROACH
6.6 TYPE OF RESEARCH
6.6.1 Applied Research
6.6.2 Intervention Research
6.7 RESEARCH DESIGN
6.8 PILOT STUDY
6.8.1 Literature Study
6.8.2 Consultation with Experts
6.8.3 Feasibility Study
6.8.4 Testing of Questionnaires and Measuring Instruments
6.9 RESEARCH PROCESS
6.9.1 Population and Sampling Method
6.9.2 Data Collection
6.9.3 The Intervention: The Stress Management Programme
6.10 CONCLUSION
7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.2 THE AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
7.2.1 Aim of the study
7.2.2 Objectives
7.3 RESEARCH QUESTION
7.4 HYPOTHESES
7.5 CONCLUSIONS
7.5.1 Conclusions with regard to the use of the Gestalt Theory as theoretical framework in a stress management programme
7.5.2 Conclusions with regard to the use of play therapy mediums in a stress
management programme for corporate employees.
7.5.3 Conclusions with regard to the effect of a stress management programme on the stress levels of corporate employees
7.5.4 Stress Management Model
7.6 RECOMMENDATIONS
7.6.1 Theoretical Framework
7.6.2 Presentation of Stress Management Programmes
7.6.3 Play Therapy Mediums
7.6.4 General Recommendations
BIBLIOGRAPHY

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THE USE OF PLAY THERAPY MEDIUMS IN A STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME WITH CORPORATE EMPLOYEES

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